Canadian police trialing facial recognition bodycams

A municipal police force in Canada is now using facial recognition bodycams, it was revealed this week. The police service in the prairie city of Edmonton is trialing technology from US-based Axon, which makes products for the military and law enforcement.

Up to 50 officers are taking part in the trial this month, according to reports. Officers won’t turn the cameras on in the field until they’re actively investigating or enforcing, representatives from Axon said.

When the cameras are activated, the recognition software will run in the background, not reporting anything to the wearer. The camera captures images of anyone within roughly four feet of the officer and sends them to a cloud service, where it will be compared against 6,341 people already flagged in the police system. According to police and Axon, images that don’t match the list will be deleted, and the database is entirely owned by the Police Service, meaning that Axon doesn’t get to see it.

This represents a turnaround for Axon. In 2019, its first ethics board report said that facial recognition wasn’t reliable enough for body cameras.

CEO Rick Smith said at the time:

“Current face matching technology raises serious ethical concerns. In addition, there are technological limitations to using this technology on body cameras. Consistent with the board’s recommendation, Axon will not be commercializing face matching products on our body cameras at this time.”

Two years later, nine of the board’s members resigned after the company reportedly went against their recommendations by pursuing plans for taser-equipped drones. Axon subsequently put the drone project on hold.

Gideon Christian, an associated law professor at the University of Calgary (in Alberta, the same province as Edmonton), told Yahoo News that the Edmonton Police Service’s move would transform bodycams from a tool making police officers accountable to a tool of mass surveillance:

“This tool is basically now being thrown from a tool for police accountability and transparency to a tool for mass surveillance of members of the public.”

Policy spaghetti in the US and further afield

This wouldn’t be the first time that police have tried facial recognition, often with lamentable results. The American Civil Liberties Union identified at least seven wrongful arrests in the US thanks to inaccurate facial recognition results, and that was in April 2024. Most if not all of those incidents involved black people, it said. Facial recognition datasets have been found to be racially biased.

In June 2024, police in Detroit agreed not to make arrests based purely on facial recognition as part of a settlement for the wrongful arrest of Robin Williams. Williams, a person of color, was arrested for theft in front of his wife and daughter after detectives relied heavily on an inaccurate facial recognition match.

More broadly in the US, 15 states had limited police use of facial recognition as of January this year, although some jurisdictions are reversing course. New Orleans reinstated its use in 2022 after a spike in homicides. Police have also been known to request searches from law enforcement in neighboring cities if they are banned from using the technology in their own municipality.

Across the Atlantic, things are equally mixed. The EU AI Act bans live facial recognition in public spaces for law enforcement, with narrow exceptions. The UK, meanwhile, which hasn’t been a part of Europe since 2018, doesn’t have any dedicated facial recognition legislation. It has already deployed the technology for some police forces, which are often used to track children. UK prime minister Keir Starmer announced plans to use facial recognition tech more widely last year, prompting rebuke from privacy advocates.

The Edmonton Police Force will review the results of the trial and decide whether to move forward with broader use of the technology in 2026.

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About the author

Danny Bradbury has been a journalist specialising in technology since 1989 and a freelance writer since 1994. He covers a broad variety of technology issues for audiences ranging from consumers through to software developers and CIOs. He also ghostwrites articles for many C-suite business executives in the technology sector. He hails from the UK but now lives in Western Canada.