Microsoft Security Response Center

Weak authentication in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Allocation of resources without limits or throttling in Windows DirectX allows an authorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Use after free in Kernel Transaction Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

Use of uninitialized resource in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N), user interaction is required (UI:R), and privileges required are none (PR:N). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Exploitation of this vulnerability requires an unauthorized attacker to wait for a user to initiate a connection to a malicious server that the attacker has set up prior to the user connecting.

**According to the CVSS metric, user interaction is required (UI:R) and privileges required is Low (PR:L). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** An authorized attacker with privileges could send controlled inputs to exploit this vulnerability.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N), user interaction is required (UI:R), and privileges required are none (PR:N). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Exploitation of this vulnerability requires an unauthorized attacker to wait for a user to initiate a connection to a malicious server that the attacker has set up prior to the user connecting.