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Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

No cwe for this issue in Windows Administrator Protection allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

Insertion of sensitive information into log file in Windows License Manager allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Missing authorization in Nuance PowerScribe allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is local (AV:L). Why does the CVE title indicate that this is a remote code execution?** The word **Remote** in the title refers to the location of the attacker. This type of exploit is sometimes referred to as Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE). The attack itself is carried out locally. This means an attacker or victim needs to execute code from the local machine to exploit the vulnerability.

Buffer over-read in Windows TDX.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

**What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability?** With successful exploitation of this vulnerability, an attacker could gain elevated privileges equivalent to a system managed administrator, allowing them to execute arbitrary code with high integrity and bypass administrator protections.