#Security Vulnerability

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows SMB allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

**According to the CVSS metric, user interaction is required (UI:R). What interaction would the user have to do?** Exploitation of this vulnerability requires that a user trigger the payload in the application.

Deserialization of untrusted data in Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An authenticated attacker with explicit permissions could exploit the vulnerability by logging in to the SQL server and could then elevate their privileges to sysadmin.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is local (AV:L). Why does the CVE title indicate that this is a remote code execution?** The word **Remote** in the title refers to the location of the attacker. This type of exploit is sometimes referred to as Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE). The attack itself is carried out locally. This means an attacker or victim needs to execute code from the local machine to exploit the vulnerability.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is local (AV:L). Why does the CVE title indicate that this is a remote code execution?** The word **Remote** in the title refers to the location of the attacker. This type of exploit is sometimes referred to as Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE). The attack itself is carried out locally. This means an attacker or victim needs to execute code from the local machine to exploit the vulnerability.

Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N), user interaction is required (UI:R), and privileges required are none (PR:N). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Exploitation of this vulnerability requires an unauthorized attacker to wait for a user to initiate a connection to a malicious server that the attacker has set up prior to the user connecting.

**According to the CVSS metrics, successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to no loss of confidentiality (C:N), some loss of integrity (I:L) but have no effect on availability (A:N). What is the impact of this vulnerability?** An attacker could spoof incorrect **5322.From** email address that is displayed to a user.