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### Summary By abusing the mail notification template it is possible to read arbitrary operating system files. ### Details The [dataUrl](https://craftcms.com/docs/3.x/dev/functions.html#dataurl) function can be exploited if an attacker has write permissions on system notification templates. This function accepts an absolute file path, reads the file's content, and converts it into a Base64-encoded string. By embedding this function within a system notification template, the attacker can exfiltrate the Base64-encoded file content through a triggered system email notification. Once the email is received, the Base64 payload can be decoded, allowing the attacker to read arbitrary files on the server. Requirements: * write permissions to system notification templates * ability to trigger a corresponding system email ### PoC 1) Modify a template to contain the following twig template string: ```twig {{ dataUrl('/var/www/web/.env') }} ``` 2) Trigger the corresponding notification email (e...

### Summary A vulnerability in CraftCMS allows an attacker to bypass local file system validation by utilizing a double `file://` scheme (e.g., `file://file:////`). This enables the attacker to specify sensitive folders as the file system, leading to potential file overwriting through malicious uploads, unauthorized access to sensitive files, and, under certain conditions, remote code execution (RCE) via Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) payloads. Note that this will only work if you have an authenticated administrator account with [allowAdminChanges enabled](https://craftcms.com/docs/5.x/reference/config/general.html#allowadminchanges). https://craftcms.com/knowledge-base/securing-craft#set-allowAdminChanges-to-false-in-production ### Details The issue lies in line 57 of `cms/src/helpers/FileHelper.php`, it only removes `file://` on the most left. It is trivial to bypass this sanitization by adding 2 `file://`, e.g. `file://file:////`. ```php public static function normaliz...

Where there’s a gift to be bought, there’s also a scammer out to make money. Here's how to stay safe this shopping season.

Emmenhtal Loader uses LOLBAS techniques, deploying malware like Lumma and Amadey through legitimate Windows tools. Its infection chain…

Despite having only a scant focus on cybersecurity regulations a decade ago, countries in the Middle East — led by Saudi Arabia and other Gulf nations — have adopted mature frameworks and regulations amid escalating volumes of attacks.

# Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2024-43498 | .NET Remote Code Execution Vulnerability ## <a name="executive-summary"></a>Executive summary Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 9.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A remote unauthenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted requests to a .NET vulnerable webapp or loading a specially crafted file into a vulnerable application. ## Announcement Announcement for this issue can be found at https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/334 ## <a name="mitigation-factors"></a>Mitigation factors Applications that do not use the NrbfDecoder component are not affected by this vulnerability. By default, .NET console apps and web apps do not reference this component. ## <a name="affected-software"></a>Affected software * Any .NET 9.0 application runnin...

# Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2024-43499 | .NET Denial of Service Vulnerability ## <a name="executive-summary"></a>Executive summary Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 9.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. The NrbfDecoder component in .NET 9 contains a denial of service vulnerability due to incorrect input validation. ## Announcement Announcement for this issue can be found at https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/333 ## <a name="mitigation-factors"></a>Mitigation factors Applications that do not use the NrbfDecoder component are not affected by this vulnerability. By default, .NET console apps and web apps do not reference this component. ## <a name="affected-software"></a>Affected software * Any .NET 9.0 application running on .NET 9.0.0.RC.2 or earlier. ## <a name="affected-packages"></a>Affected Packages The...

The November 2024 Patch Tuesday update contains a substantially high percentage of remote code execution (RCE) vulnerabilities (including a critical issue in Windows Kerberos), and two other zero-day bugs that have been previously disclosed and could soon come under attack.

Microsoft today released updates to plug at least 89 security holes in its Windows operating systems and other software. November's patch batch includes fixes for two zero-day vulnerabilities that are already being exploited by attackers, as well as two other flaws that were publicly disclosed prior to today.

### Summary A command injection vulnerability in the Web SSH feature allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root on the host. ### Details Zoraxy has a Web SSH terminal feature that allows authenticated users to connect to SSH servers from their browsers. In [`HandleCreateProxySession`](https://github.com/tobychui/zoraxy/blob/9cb315ea6739d1cc201b690322d25166b12dc5db/src/webssh.go#L19) the request to create an SSH session is handled. After checking for the presence of required parameters, ensuring that the target is not the loopback interface and that there is actually an SSH service running on the target, `CreateNewConnection` is called: https://github.com/tobychui/zoraxy/blob/e79a70b7acfa45c2445aff9d60e4e7525c89fec8/src/mod/sshprox/sshprox.go#L165-L178 In line 178, the `gotty` binary is executed running `sshCommand` from the line above. It contains the user-controlled variable `connAddr`, which includes the hostname of the SSH server and - if provided - th...