Tenda FH1203 V2.0.1.6 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter in the form_fast_setting_wifi_set function.

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CVE-2023-37700: IoT-Vulns/tenda/6905 at main · FirmRec/IoT-Vulns

Vulnerabilities in electric vehicle charging stations and a lack of broad standards threaten drivers—and the power grid.

_This story was co-published with_ _Grist__, a nonprofit media organization covering climate, justice, and solutions._

With his electric Kia EV6 running low on power, Sky Malcolm pulled into a bank of fast-chargers near Terre Haute, Indiana, to plug in. As his car powered up, he peeked at nearby chargers. One in particular stood out.

Instead of the businesslike welcome screen displayed on the other Electrify America units, this one featured a picture of President Biden pointing his finger, with an “I did that!” caption. It was the same meme the president’s critics started slapping on gas pumps as prices soared last year, cloned 20 times across the screen.

"It was, unfortunately, not terribly surprising,” Malcolm says of the hack, which he stumbled upon last fall. Such shenanigans are increasingly common. At the beginning of the war in Ukraine, hackers tweaked charging stations along the Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway in Russia to greet users with anti-Putin messages. Around the same time, cyber-vandals in England programmed public chargers to broadcast pornography. Just this year, the hosts of YouTube channel The Kilowatts tweeted a video showing it was possible to take control of an Electrify America station’s operating system.

While such breaches have so far remained relatively innocuous, cybersecurity experts say the consequences would be far more severe at the hands of truly nefarious miscreants. As companies, governments, and consumers sprint to install more chargers, the risks could only grow.

In recent years, security researchers and white-hat hackers have identified sprawling vulnerabilities in internet-connected home and public charging hardware that could expose customer data, compromise Wi-Fi networks, and, in a worst-case scenario, bring down power grids. Given the dangers, everyone from device manufacturers to the Biden administration is rushing to fortify these increasingly common machines and establish security standards.

“This is a major problem,” says Jay Johnson, a cybersecurity researcher at Sandia National Laboratories. “It is potentially a very catastrophic situation for this country if we don't get this right.”

Vulnerabilities in EV charger security aren’t hard to find. Johnson and his colleagues summarized known shortcomings in a paper published last fall in the journal _Energies_. They found everything from the possibility of hackers being able to track users to vulnerabilities that “may expose home and corporate \[Wi-Fi\] networks to a breach.” Another study, led by Concordia University and published last year in the journal _Computers & Security_, highlighted more than a dozen classes of “severe vulnerabilities,” including the ability to turn chargers on and off remotely, as well as deploy malware.

When British security research firm Pen Test Partners spent 18 months analyzing seven popular EV charger models, it found five had critical flaws. For instance, it identified a software bug in the popular Chargepoint network that hackers could likely exploit to obtain sensitive user information (the team stopped digging before acquiring such data). A charger sold in the UK by Project EV allowed researchers to overwrite its firmware.

Such cracks could conceivably permit hackers to access vehicle data or consumers’ credit card information, says Ken Munro, a cofounder of Pen Test Partners. But perhaps the most worrying weakness to him was that, as with the Concordia testing, his team discovered that many of the devices allowed hackers to stop or start charging at will. That could leave frustrated drivers without a full battery when they need one, but it’s the cumulative impacts that could be truly devastating.

“It’s not about your charger, it’s about everyone’s charger at the same time,” he says. Many home users leave their cars connected to chargers even if they aren’t drawing power. They might, for example, plug in after work and schedule the vehicle to charge overnight when prices are lower. If a hacker were to switch thousands, or millions, of chargers on or off simultaneously, it could destabilize and even bring down entire electricity networks. 

“We’ve inadvertently created a weapon that nation-states can use against our power grid,” says Munro. The United States glimpsed what such an attack might look like in 2021 when hackers hijacked Colonial Pipeline and disrupted gasoline supplies nationwide. The attack ended once the company paid millions of dollars in ransom.

Munro’s top recommendation for consumers is to not connect their home chargers to the internet, which should prevent the exploitation of most vulnerabilities. The bulk of safeguards, however, must come from manufacturers.

“It's the responsibility of the companies offering these services to make sure they are secure,” says Jacob Hoffman-Andrews, senior staff technologist at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital rights nonprofit. “To some degree, you have to trust the device you're plugging into.”

Electrify America declined an interview request. With regard to the issues Malcolm and the Kilowatts documented, spokesperson Octavio Navarro wrote in an email that the incidents were isolated and the fixes were quickly deployed. In a statement, the company said, “Electrify America is constantly monitoring and reinforcing measures to protect ourselves and our customers and focusing on risk-mitigating station and network design.”

Pen Test Partners wrote in its findings that companies were by and large responsive to fixing the vulnerabilities it identified, with ChargePoint and others plugging gaps in less than 24 hours (though one company created a new hole while trying to patch the old one). Project EV did not respond to Pen Test Partners but did eventually implement “strong authentication and authorization.” Experts, however, argue that it’s far past time for the industry to move beyond this whack-a-mole approach to cybersecurity.

“Everybody knows this is an issue and lots of people are trying to figure out how to best solve it,” says Johnson, adding that he has seen progress. For example, many public charging stations have upgraded to more secure methods of transmitting data. But as for a coordinated set of standards, he says, “there's not much regulation out there.”

There has been some movement toward changing that. The 2021 Bipartisan Infrastructure Law included some $7.5 billion to expand the electric vehicle charging network across the US, and the Biden administration has made cybersecurity part of that initiative. Last fall, the White House convened manufacturers and policymakers to discuss a path toward ensuring that increasingly vital electric vehicle charging hardware is properly protected.

“Our critical infrastructure needs to meet a baseline level of security and resilience,” says Harry Krejsa, chief strategist at the White House Office of the National Cyber Director. He also argued that bolstering EV cybersecurity is as much about building trust as it is mitigating risk. Secure systems, he says, “give us the confidence in our next-generation digital foundations to aim higher than we possibly could have otherwise.”

Earlier this year, the Federal Highway Administration finalized a rule requiring states to implement “appropriate” cybersecurity strategies for chargers funded under the infrastructure law. But Johnson says the regulation omits devices installed outside that expansion, not to mention the more than 100,000 units already in place nationwide. Plus, he says, states haven’t offered much detail about what they’ll do. “If you drill down into the state plans, you'll find that they are actually extremely light on cyber requirements,” he says. “The vast majority that I saw just say they will follow best practices.”

Just what constitutes best practice remains ill-defined. Johnson and his colleagues at Sandia published recommendations for charger manufacturers, and he noted that the National Institute of Standards and Technology is developing a framework for fast-charging that could help shape future regulation. But, ultimately, he would like to see something akin to the 2022 Protecting and Transforming Cyber Health Care Act that’s geared toward electric vehicles.

“Regulation is a way to drive the entire industry to improve their baseline security standards,” he says, pointing to recent laws in other countries as models or starting points for policymakers in the United States. Last year, for instance, the United Kingdom rolled out a host of requirements for EV chargers, such as enhanced encryption and authentication standards, tamper detection alerts, and randomized delay functionality.

The latter means that a charger must be able to turn on and off with a random time delay of up to 10 minutes. That would mitigate the impact of all the chargers in an area coming online simultaneously after a power outage or hack. “You don’t get that spike, which is great,” says Munro. “It removes the threat from the power grid.”

Johnson is optimistic that the industry is moving in the right direction, albeit more slowly than is ideal. “I can't imagine \[stricter standards\] won't happen. It's just taking a long time,” he says. And he certainly doesn’t want to spark undue alarm, but rather apply steady pressure for improvement.

“It's scary stuff,” he says, “but it shouldn't be fear-mongering.”

EV Charger Hacking Poses a ‘Catastrophic’ Risk

In display, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07978760; Issue ID: ALPS07363410.

**July 2023 Product Security Bulletin**

Published 2023-07-03

The MediaTek Product Security Bulletin contains details of security vulnerabilities affecting MediaTek Smartphone, Tablet, AIoT, Smart display, Smart platform, OTT and Wi-Fi chipsets. Device OEMs have been notified of all the issues and the corresponding security patches for at least two months before publication.

The severity of the identified vulnerabilities was conducted based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System version 3.1 (CVSS v3.1).

****Summary****

Severity

**CVEs**

High

CVE-2023-20754, CVE-2023-20755

Medium

CVE-2023-20753, CVE-2023-20756, CVE-2023-20757, CVE-2023-20758, CVE-2023-20759, CVE-2023-20760, CVE-2023-20761, CVE-2023-20766, CVE-2023-20767, CVE-2023-20768, CVE-2023-20771, CVE-2023-20772, CVE-2023-20773, CVE-2023-20774, CVE-2023-20775, CVE-2023-20689, CVE-2023-20690, CVE-2023-20691, CVE-2023-20692, CVE-2023-20693, CVE-2022-32666, CVE-2023-20748

****Details****

CVE

**CVE-2023-20754**

Title

Integer overflow or wraparound in keyinstall

Severity

High

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-190 Integer Overflow or Wraparound

Description

In keyinstall, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6731, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6757, MT6757C, MT6757CD, MT6757CH, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6891, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8185, MT8321, MT8385, MT8666, MT8667, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8781, MT8786, MT8788, MT8789, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20755**

Title

Improper input validation in keyinstall

Severity

High

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In keyinstall, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6731, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6757, MT6757C, MT6757CD, MT6757CH, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6891, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8185, MT8321, MT8385, MT8666, MT8667, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8781, MT8786, MT8788, MT8789, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20753**

Title

Out-of-bounds write in rpmb

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write

Description

In rpmb, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a logic error. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6731, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6757, MT6757C, MT6757CD, MT6757CH, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6891, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8185, MT8321, MT8385, MT8666, MT8673, MT8675, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8781, MT8786, MT8788, MT8789, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20756**

Title

Integer overflow or wraparound in keyinstall

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-190 Integer Overflow or Wraparound

Description

In keyinstall, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6731, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6757, MT6757C, MT6757CD, MT6757CH, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6891, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8185, MT8321, MT8385, MT8666, MT8667, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8781, MT8786, MT8788, MT8789, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20757**

Title

Improper input validation in cmdq

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In cmdq, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT6768, MT6771, MT6785, MT6833, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6873, MT6877, MT6883, MT6885, MT6889, MT6893, MT8786, MT8789, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20758**

Title

Improper input validation in cmdq

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In cmdq, there is a possible memory corruption due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT6768, MT6771, MT6781, MT6785, MT6833, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6873, MT6877, MT6883, MT6885, MT6889, MT6893, MT8786, MT8789, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20759**

Title

Improper input validation in cmdq

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In cmdq, there is a possible memory corruption due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT6768, MT6771, MT6781, MT6785, MT6833, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6873, MT6877, MT6883, MT6885, MT6889, MT6893, MT8786, MT8789, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20760**

Title

Improper input validation in apu

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In apu, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6879, MT6895, MT6983, MT8195

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20761**

Title

Improper input validation in ril

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In ril, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6891, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8321, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8781, MT8786, MT8788, MT8789, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20766**

Title

Improper input validation in gps

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In gps, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6735, MT6739, MT6753, MT6757, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6879, MT6886, MT6891, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8167, MT8168, MT8173, MT8175, MT8185, MT8321, MT8362A, MT8365, MT8385, MT8666, MT8667, MT8675, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8781, MT8786, MT8788, MT8789, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20767**

Title

Improper input validation in pqframework

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In pqframework, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6879, MT6886, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8167, MT8168, MT8195, MT8673

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20768**

Title

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in ion

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-843 Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')

Description

In ion, there is a possible out of bounds read due to type confusion. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6757, MT6757C, MT6757CD, MT6757CH, MT6761, MT6762, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6769, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6833, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6873, MT6875, MT6877, MT6883, MT6885, MT6889, MT6891, MT6893, MT8168, MT8195, MT8321, MT8666, MT8675, MT8765, MT8766, MT8768, MT8786, MT8788, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20771**

Title

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in display

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-662 Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Description

In display, there is a possible memory corruption due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6739, MT6761, MT6765, MT6768, MT6771, MT6779, MT6785, MT8168, MT8781

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20772**

Title

Improper authentication in vow

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-287 Improper Authentication

Description

In vow, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6761, MT6765, MT6768, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8781, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20773**

Title

Improper authentication in vow

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-287 Improper Authentication

Description

In vow, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6580, MT6735, MT6737, MT6739, MT6753, MT6761, MT6765, MT6768, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6877, MT6879, MT6883, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8781, MT8791, MT8791T, MT8797

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20774**

Title

Improper input validation in display

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In display, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6789, MT6835, MT6855, MT6886, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8195, MT8673, MT8781

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

CVE

**CVE-2023-20775**

Title

Buffer copy without checking size of input ('classic buffer overflow') in display

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

EoP

CWE

CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')

Description

In display, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT6757, MT6757C, MT6757CD, MT6757CH, MT6761, MT6763, MT6765, MT6768, MT6771, MT6779, MT6781, MT6785, MT6789, MT6833, MT6835, MT6853, MT6853T, MT6855, MT6873, MT6877, MT6879, MT6885, MT6886, MT6889, MT6890, MT6893, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT6990, MT8168, MT8183, MT8195, MT8673, MT8781

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0 / OpenWrt 21.02 / RDKB 2022Q3

CVE

**CVE-2023-20689**

Title

Integer overflow to buffer overflow in wlan

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-680 Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow

Description

In wlan firmware, there is possible system crash due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT8167, MT8321, MT8365, MT8385, MT8666, MT8765, MT8788

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0 / IOT-v23.0 (Yocto 4.0)

CVE

**CVE-2023-20690**

Title

Integer overflow to buffer overflow in wlan

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-680 Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow

Description

In wlan firmware, there is possible system crash due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT8167, MT8168, MT8321, MT8365, MT8385, MT8666, MT8765, MT8788

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0 / IOT-v23.0 (Yocto 4.0)

CVE

**CVE-2023-20691**

Title

Integer overflow to buffer overflow in wlan

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-680 Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow

Description

In wlan firmware, there is possible system crash due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT8167, MT8321, MT8365, MT8385, MT8666, MT8765, MT8788

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0 / IOT-v23.0 (Yocto 4.0)

CVE

**CVE-2023-20692**

Title

Null pointer dereference in wlan

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference

Description

In wlan firmware, there is possible system crash due to an uncaught exception. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT8167, MT8168, MT8321, MT8365, MT8385, MT8666, MT8765, MT8788

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0 / IOT-v23.0 (Yocto 4.0)

CVE

**CVE-2023-20693**

Title

Null pointer dereference in wlan

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CWE-477 NULL Pointer Dereference

Description

In wlan firmware, there is possible system crash due to an uncaught exception. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6739, MT6895, MT6983, MT8167, MT8168, MT8195, MT8321, MT8365, MT8385, MT8666, MT8765, MT8781, MT8788

Affected Software Versions

Android 11.0, 12.0 / IOT-v23.0 (Yocto 4.0)

CVE

**CVE-2022-32666**

Title

User interface (ui) misrepresentation of critical information in Wi-Fi

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

DoS

CWE

CW3-451 User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information

Description

In Wi-Fi, there is a possible low throughput due to misrepresentation of critical information. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT7603, MT7613, MT7615, MT7622, MT7628, MT7629, MT7915, MT7916, MT7981, MT7986, MT8365

Affected Software Versions

7.6.6.0 / IOT-v23.0 (Yocto 4.0)

CVE

**CVE-2023-20748**

Title

Improper input validation in display

Severity

Medium

Vulnerability Type

ID

CWE

CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

Description

In display, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Affected Chipsets

MT6879, MT6886, MT6895, MT6983, MT6985, MT8673, MT8781

Affected Software Versions

Android 12.0, 13.0

****Vulnerability Type Definition****

Abbreviation

**Definition**

RCE

Remote Code Execution

EoP

Elevation of Privilege

ID

Information Disclosure

DoS

Denial of Service

N/A

Classification not available

****Versions****

**Version**

**Date**

**Description**

1.0

July 3, 2023

Bulletin published.

****Notes****

Information above is generated only at the time of creation of this Security Bulletin. The list of affected chipsets could be not complete. For any further information, device OEMs can reach your MediaTek contact person if needed.

If you want to report a security vulnerability in MediaTek chipsets or products, please go to Report Security Vulnerability page on MediaTek website.

CVE-2023-20775: July 2023

com.perimeter81.osx.HelperTool in Perimeter81 10.0.0.19 on macOS allows Local Privilege Escalation (to root) via shell metacharacters in usingCAPath.

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**MacOS agent 10.0.0.19**

**May 7th, 2023**

**New Features:**

*   The agent now supports the new Exclude configuration option for Split Tunneling (so that all traffic except specific addresses will go through the tunnel).

**Resolved Issues:**

*   P81-23365 - Mac agent launching twice, 2 different instances running at the same time
*   P81-26071 - OpenVPN connection sometimes taking too long

**MacOS agent 9.0.1.9**

**New Features:**

*   You can now switch between protocols while the agent is connected to a network! Simply select a protocol in the Protocols tab to switch to it.
*   When the user session expires (according to the session length set by the administrator), the agent will be automatically logged out during local night time, in order to avoid disconnections during the workday. This applies to session lengths of 2 days and above.

**Enhancements:**

*   Logging improvements
*   Agent installation will be prevented on unsupported MacOS version 10.14 and below

**Resolved Issues:**

*   P81-18590 - On macOS 13.0, sometimes the quick access UI and Full agent UI were displayed simultaneously when changing networks
*   P81-20543 - Incorrect icon state after silent upgrade of the agent
*   P81-23034 - Agent disconnection after OS upgrade to Mac OS 13.2
*   P81-23462 - SWG Web Filtering not working when a rule is set with two custom URLs that one is contained within the other
*   P81-7337 - Agent logs show that user is using macOS 10.16 when it is actually a higher version

**MacOS agent 9.0.0.28**

**New Features:**

*   Secure Web Gateway (SWG) now includes Malware Protection! SWG users now have an additional layer of protection against malicious software, on top of the existing web filtering functionality. Malware Protection actively scans content before it reaches the user's browser, blocks multiple types of threats, and notifies the user. Admins can view logs of blocked malware in a new page under the Monitor and Logs section.

**Enhancements:**

*   Log file size decreased, implemented log rotation
*   Added support for long-life certificates for SDP sessions
*   Updated internal frameworks to support minimum target OS of 10.15
*   Improved SWG module behaviour, increased reliability of Proxy module
*   Improved memory usage of agent and fixed issues with memory leaks
*   Improved stability
*   Improved connectivity

**Resolved Issues:**  
P81-21296 - Fixed an issue related to the Disable Sign-out feature  
P81-22039 - Fixed issue when agent UI was out of sync with Daemon  
P81-14902 - Fixed Trusted Wired Network MAC address case-insensitive comparison

**MacOS agent 8.0.6.166**

**Resolved Issues:**  
P81-16293 - Excessive memory consumption when using SWG

**MacOS agent 8.0.6.163**

**New Features:**

*   The agent can now remain connected while P81 SDP backend is restarted/offline, for better connection stability

**Enhancements:**

*   Added additional logging events on VPN reconnection and Probe failure
*   In the Protocols section, relabeled 'Automatic' protocol to 'Default'
*   Improved mechanism for fetching Public IP
*   Increased shared codebase between MacOS and iOS agents for better compatibility

**Resolved Issues:**  
P81-12527, P81-12562 - Unplanned disconnections  
P81-12869, P81-6732 - Sporadically cannot login to the agent - 'your session was not established'  
P81-14787 - Routing table not updated on Split Tunneling update until user disconnects  
P81-13988 - Agent User Interface is cut off when it’s the rightmost icon in the macOS tray  
P81-7450 - Fixed sorting in Quick Access networks list  
P81-14953 - Install update prompt appears without user interaction  
P81-16096, P81-16864 - DPC failed although conditions passed, until reboot  
P81-16189, P81-16949 - While connecting to VPN on unsecured WiFi, Internet is unavailable for 40-60 seconds

**MacOS agent 8.0.5.143**

**New Features:**

*   New wake from sleep mechanism logic
*   Added 'Quit' button to the agent's quick-UI for easier access
*   Added 'Reset Agent' button to the loading screen if it does not connect within 60 seconds
*   Added 'Reset Agent' button to the full UI (under the Support tab) to provide the ability to reset the agent at any time

**Resolved Issues:**

*   P81-14321 - Infinite connection attempts
*   P81-14317 - The loading screen does not disapear
*   P81-13962 - Agent says it's connected but loses all Internet connectivity
*   P81-13257 - Possible command injection vector via DPC
*   P81-13188 - DPC stuck after machine reboot
*   P81-12978 - Proxy communication issue
*   P81-12749 - Presented with a "You have reached your pre-configured connection time limit" error
*   P81-12698 - DPC: Device Activity Log does not appears in web console at admission time, only after DPC scheduled recheck time (20 minutes)
*   P81-12360 - Agent log files take too much space (0.4 GB)
*   P81-7128 - The Device Activity log shows 'No Hostname' instead of the device name
*   P81-6628 - The user is not signed out properly after the agent receives a new token

**MacOS agent 8.0.4.132**

**New Features:**

*   Disable Sign-Out (enforce Always On) - this feature is being gradually rolled out and will be available to all customers in a few weeks. Requires this version of the agent and above.
*   Agent sign-out brute-force prevention
*   Allow admins to control whether using the internal DNS is enforced or not, in order to support co-existing with products that require control over DNS

**Enhancements:**

*   Agent version is now displayed before login, for easier troubleshooting
*   The Quit button has been re-added to the agent extended UI, allowing users to shut down the agent application and the Perimeter 81 service in case they need to
*   P81-11453 - SWG bootstrap certificate enhancement

**Resolved Issues:**

*   P81-13378 - Changing settings on the console would cause the agent to Reconnect
*   P81-12977 - RegionName always showed N/A
*   P81-12747, P81-12674, P81-12571, P81-12525, P81-12164 - Issues connencting after sleep
*   P81-12746 - Connectivity issue when using SWG
*   P81-12417, P81-12618 - Connectivity issues
*   P81-12560 - Sign-in failing to open browser
*   P81-12539, P81-12519 - Websites unreachable
*   P81-12536 - SWG rules issues
*   P81-12461 - Internet connection issue after session timeout
*   P81-12419 - Reconnection process takes too long
*   P81-12269 - Public IP stuck in "Refreshing" and losing Internet connectivity
*   P81-11170, P81-11171, P81-12807 - Internal log fixes
*   P81-6859 - Silent Upgrade improvements
*   P81-6467 - UI bugs
*   P81-11531 - Better handling of ProtocolFilters in regards to certificates
*   P81-12720 - SWG bug fixes

**MacOS agent 8.0.4.124**

**Enhancements:**

*   Changed MTU for Wireguard to 1380 to improve connectivity in low-MTU scenarios
    
*   The Perimeter 81 certificate is now installed only if using Secure Web Gateway. If needed, users are referred to a webpage on how to complete the certificate and add-on setup
    
*   'Start Minimized' removed from Settings screen
    

**Resolved Issues:**

P81-11830/P81-10601 Connection is not restored after sleep  
P81-11673 Sometimes the app Signed Out incorrectly  
P81-11251/P81-11163 Agent stuck with connect button not responding  
P81-11211 DNS fails after sleep on latest Mac version (Monterey 12.3)  
P81-11074/P81-10889 Constant disconnections  
P81-11071 Connection issue with IKE protocol  
P81-11035/P81-11034/P81-8381Connection issue with Wireguard  
P81-11027/P81-11026/P81-10631 Internet connection blocked/unstable  
P81-10922/P81-10916 After sleep, the agent is connected but there is no internet connectivity  
P81-10874 Sign In button not working after session timeout  
P81-10556 Network adaptor changing every several minutes  
P81-9987 Split tunneling configuration didn't updated till Agent reconnection  
P81-9804 Client generates certificate errors  
P81-8032 "Connected to Network" notification doesn't hide automatically  
P81-7340 After upgrading XPC between Daemons, Proxy is not starting  
P81-6312/P81-3930 "Private DNS" icon not displayed on network with "Regional Private DNS"  
P81-6080 Closed Mac agent pops up every time Firewall rule is changed

**MacOS agent 8.0.4.116**

Fixed Issues:

*   P81-9839/P81-9833/P81-9795 - App crash
*   P81-9794/P81-9493 Connection issue - agent stuck in 'Reconnecting'
*   P81-9500 Failed to connect while returning from sleep mode
*   P81-9181 Agent takes a while to reconnect after sleep
*   P81-9152 Sign Out pop-up header displayed incorrectly
*   P81-8233 Device Activity Log - MacBook still appears as Healthy even though found Not Healthy
*   P81-8048 Apple M1 Pro - Disconnect during Zoom
*   P81-7340 SWG - Proxy not starting after upgrading XPC between Daemons
*   P81-5273 .pkg error - 'The Package is unsigned'
*   P81-910 .pkg installer file - Unsupported file format in MobileIron
*   P81-8236 Icons for Support, Settings, Sign Out are blurred

New features:

*   P81-9985 When installing using pkg file, the P81 certificate will not be installed unless specified by admin
*   P81-7551 The agent now allows admins to pre-populate the workspace value during installation via CLI.

**MacOS agent 8.0.4.108**

Fixed Issues:

*   P81-6326 - Failed to login after agent upgrade.
*   P81-4795 - DNS lost randomly when using split tunneling + custom DNS.
*   P81-7608 - IPv6 behavior is unpredictable.
*   P81-5029 - Improved messaging when pre-configured connection time limit is reached.
*   P81-2455 - agent UI pops up upon changing firewall rules.
*   P81-5034 - renamed 'diagnose issues' button to 'Send logs to support'.

New Features:

*   The Perimeter 81 agent now runs as a service in the background! There is no need to keep the agent UI open - it is always up and available via an icon in the system tray.
*   Connectivity and stability have been improved.
*   The agent now has a brand new “quick access” UI, which allows you to perform most operations from a single screen by clicking on the tray icon. The classic UI is still available, and can still be accessed in order to configure settings, contact support etc.
*   This agent version supports Secure Web Gateway (SWG).

**MacOS agent 7.0.3.37**

Fixed issues:

*   P81-2389 - Helper tool installation requires admin permissions
*   P81-5385 - Crash on changing networks while OpenVPN connected on TWN
*   P81-5332 - Post connection loss authentication issue
*   P81-4796 - Correction of description for Automatic Protocol
*   P81-4764 - Agent stuck in reconnecting when coming out of sleep mode
*   P81-4368 - Agent stuck in Reconnecting state

New features:

*   P81-5029 - Improve the output message after "Automatically log out Client "
*   P81-5026 - Remove "contact support" suggestion when failing DPC
*   P81-5034 - Rename "diagnose issues" button
*   P81-4699 - Compatibility with MacOS 12.0 Monterey

**MacOS agent 7.0.3.28**

Fixed issues:

*   P81-3293 - Added latency measurements BI events
*   P81-3312 - Fixed device register issue caused by UDID non-escaping

**MacOS agent 7.0.2.21**

Fixed issues:

*   P81-1995 — Device posture check says that disk is not encrypted when it actually is encrypted
*   P81-2021 — Incorrect VPN status on Home screen if Start Minimized=ON and VPN has connected automatically
*   P81-2532 — Agent stuck on reconnecting
*   P81-3111 — DPC failed for all the rules that should pass
*   P81-3179 — App hanging during TWN check processing

**MacOS agent 7.0.2.19**

Fixed issues:

*   P81-2680 — Trusted Wired Networks - Agent user still needs to enter code on Quit/sign out while connected to TWN
*   P81-2198 — User still needs to enter code on Quit/Sign Out while on TWNP81-2198
*   P81-2633 — The Always On Not restored 0n turning Netwotk's toggle if Network above in list is Disabled
*   P81-2231 — Attempt to connect to the VPN is made on setting AlwaysOn by user
*   P81-2199 — No "Connected to Trusted Network" badge on Home screen when computer on TWN
*   P81-2198 — User still needs to enter code on Quit/Sign Out while on TWN
*   P81-2215 — The app connected to VPN on user setting AlwaysOn=ON while connected to TWN
*   P81-2550 — Show appropriate text when hovering over the "Connected to Trusted Network" badge
*   P81-2798 — MacOS P81 DPC: Condition "AND" for "Process Running" doesn't work

**MacOS 7.0.1.12**

*   Silent upgrade feature imlemented

**MacOS 7.0.1.7**

*   Fixed issue when agent app pops up with every ZTA change — P81-1117, P81-1115
*   Fixed wrong Device Name documented in Device Activity — P81-1364
*   Fixed Internal IP Not Defined issue, when VPN get connected — P81-1347
*   Moved Snowplow session cache file outside of the user’s Documents folder — P81-937

**MacOS 7.0.1.6****New features:**

*   Device Posture Check feature implemented

**Resolved Issues:**

*   Fixed app crash issue — P81-726
*   Fixed app re-connect issue when losing WiFi — P81-906
*   Fixed Run on StartUp issue — P81-914
*   Fixed Sign Out” and “Quit” option from doesn’t work if app is not in foreground — P81-1027
*   Fixed app re-login when DPC check has failed — P81-1452
*   Fixed Disconnect/Connect notifications showing — P81-1110
*   Fixed high CPU consumption issue when the app is in background — P81-438
*   Fixed SDP socket re-connect issue after sleep-mode

**MacOS 7.0.0 (7):****Bug fixes:**

*   Application complete re-design, Main view, Settings page, Support page, OnBoarding page
*   Implemented new login flow using default browser with SSO support
*   Implemented accessToken token rotation before performing Logout call -- #MAC-1056
*   Added timeout for LoginSucceeded event -- #MAC-1075
*   Added full username showing inside of the Main view (if it’s available) -- #MAC-1083
*   Added support ticket number for the user if it’s available from Troubleshooting -- #MAC-1074
*   Change user’s email address fetching from JWT to channel.OnUpdated data payload -- #MAC-1066
*   Fixed Connection/Reconnection initiated from Connect on Launch can’t be interrupted -- #MAC-1079
*   Fixed Hide Automatic Location from Icon/Dock menus -- #MAC-1086
*   Fixed issue when Admin can’t enforce upgrade to the latest version -- #MAC-942
*   Disable KillSwitch by default for AlwaysON -- #MAC-1081
*   Fixed Sleep/awake re-connect issue -- #MAC-1061
*   Fixed Disconnect button non-responsiveness when agent connecting/reconnecting -- #MAC-1078
*   Fixed expand/collapse Shared Networks issue, when hover stopped to work -- #MAC-1062
*   Fixed issues when “Change Network” button displayed incorrectly when “Upgrade Application” is enforced -- #MAC-1111
*   Added BI events sending support
*   Added osVersion as a part of channel.open payload
*   Implemented automated Troubleshooting script, now avg processing time is ~1 min -- #MAC-1093
*   Fixed “Sign Out” and “Quit” options from notification area context menu when app is in background mode -- #MAC-1100, #MAC-1099
*   Fixed “Automatic Location” network option -- #MAC-1096
*   Added tooltips for SignOut / Exit Settings buttons, Main + OnBoarding windows appear at the same time -- #MAC-1088
*   Fixed “Automatic Location” network option -- #MAC-1096
*   Fixed UI blinking when switching between Home tab and any other -- #MAC-1073
*   Fix network selection logic -- #MAC-1087

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CVE-2023-33298: MacOS - Agent

By Deeba Ahmed
This attack method can help attackers surpass all barriers to exploit side channels, which so far were not possible.
This is a post from HackRead.com Read the original post: Researchers Use Power LED to Extract Encryption Keys in Groundbreaking Attack

The cybersecurity researchers from the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Cornell University have revealed how a side-channel attack targeting a smart card reader’s power LED can recover encryption keys.

This ground-breaking method can help adversaries extract encryption keys from a device simply by analyzing the video footage of its power LED. This happened because the CPU’s cryptographic computations can change the power consumption of a device and impact the brightness of its power LED.

This ingenious attack method leverages the connection between a device’s power consumption and the brightness of its power LED. Adversaries can obtain secret keys from the RGB values as the LED’s brightness changes when the CPU performs cryptographic operations.

They exploited the flickering of the power LED during this operation and used their understanding of the card reader’s inner workings to decode the keys and gain access.

The team conducted two side-channel cryptanalytic timing attacks using this video-based cryptanalysis method. After examining the video footage of the power LED, they recovered a 256-bit ECDSA key from the smart card using a compromised internet-connected security camera. They placed the camera at a distance of 16 meters from the smart card reader.

Next, they recovered a 378-bit SIKE key from a Samsung Galaxy S8 by analyzing the video footage of the power LED of Logitech Z120 USB speakers connected to the USB hub they used to charge the Galaxy S8.

“This is caused by the fact that the power LED is connected directly to the power line of the electrical circuit, which lacks effective means (e.g., filters, voltage stabilizers) of decoupling the correlation with the power consumption,” researchers explained in their **report**.

But, this technique is not as simple as it seems because merely observing the LED with a camera cannot help recover security keys, even if the frame rate is considerably high. To record the rapid changes in an LED’s brightness using a standard webcam or smartphone camera, turning on the rolling shutter effect is essential, as this is when camera sensors start recording images line by line.

In a regular setting, the camera will record the entire image sensor. Using the same technique, attackers can exploit the video camera of an internet-connected security camera or even an iPhone 13 camera to obtain cryptographic keys. Cybersecurity researchers have shown concerns as this attack method will help attackers surpass all barriers to exploit side channels, which so far were not possible. The method’s non-intrusiveness makes it even more sinister.

However, as with every attack, there are some limitations to this one. For example, apart from being placed at a 16m distance, the camera should be in the direct line of sight view of the LED, and signatures should be recorded for 65 minutes.

Countering such attacks is possible if LED manufacturers add capacitors to reduce power consumption fluctuations. An alternate solution is covering the power LED with black tape to prevent information exposure.

Researchers have shared their explosive findings in a paper titled “Video-Based Cryptanalysis: Extracting Cryptographic Keys from Video Footage of a Device’s Power LED,” available **here** (PDF).

1.  Self-driving cars can be fooled by displaying virtual objects
2.  Locating malicious drone operators using deep neural networks
3.  Malware attack tricks biologists into producing dangerous toxins
4.  Stealing data from air-gapped PC by turning RAM into Wi-Fi Card
5.  Hackers can steal data from air-gapped PC using screen brightness
6.  Malware can extract data from air-gapped PC through power supply
7.  Lamphone attack recovers secret conversation via hanging light bulb

Researchers Use Power LED to Extract Encryption Keys in Groundbreaking Attack

Key findings from the research also show three of the four new malware threats on this quarter's top-ten list originated in China and Russia, living-off-the-land attacks on the rise, and more.

**SEATTLE – June 28, 2023 –** WatchGuard® Technologies, a global leader in unified cybersecurity, today announced the findings of its latest Internet Security Report, detailing the top malware trends and network and endpoint security threats analyzed by WatchGuard Threat Lab researchers in Q1 2023. Key findings from the data show phishers leveraging browser-based social engineering strategies, new malware with ties to nation states, high amounts of zero day malware, living-off-the-land attacks on the rise, and more. This edition of the report also features a new, dedicated section for the Threat Lab team’s quarterly ransomware tracking and analysis.

"Organizations need to pay more active, ongoing attention to the existing security solutions and strategies their businesses rely on to stay protected against increasingly sophisticated threats," said Corey Nachreiner, chief security officer at WatchGuard. "The top themes and corresponding best practices our Threat Lab have outlined for this report strongly emphasize layered malware defenses to combat living-off-the-land attacks, which can be done simply and effectively with a platform for unified security run by dedicated managed service providers."

Among its most notable findings, the Q1 2023 Internet Security Report reveals:

*   **New browser-based social engineering trends –** Now that web browsers have more protections preventing pop-up abuse, attackers have pivoted to using the browser notifications features to force similar types of interactions. Also of note from this quarter’s top malicious domains list is a new destination involving SEO-poisoning activity.
*   **Threat actors from China and Russia behind 75% of new threats in the Q1 Top 10 list –** Three of the four new threats that debuted on our top ten malware list this quarter have strong ties to nation states, although this doesn’t necessarily mean those malicious actors are in fact state-_sponsored_. One example from WatchGuard’s latest report is the Zusy malware family, which shows up for the first time in the top 10 malware list this quarter. One Zusy sample the Threat Lab found targets China’s population with adware that installs a compromised browser; the browser is then used to hijack the system’s Windows settings and as the default browser.
*   **Persistence of attacks against Office products, End-of-Life (EOL) Microsoft ISA Firewall –** Threat Lab analysts continue to see document-based threats targeting Office products in the most widespread malware list this quarter. On the network side, the team also noticed exploits against Microsoft’s now-discontinued firewall, the Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server, getting a relatively high number of hits. Considering this product has long been discontinued and without updates, it is surprising to see attackers targeting it.
*   **Living-off-the-land attacks on the rise –** The ViperSoftX malware reviewed in the Q1 DNS analysis is the latest example of malware leveraging the built-in tools that come with operating systems to complete their objectives. The continued appearance of Microsoft Office- and PowerShell-based malware in these reports quarter after quarter underscores the importance of endpoint protection that can differentiate legitimate and malicious use of popular tools like PowerShell.
*   **Malware droppers targeting Linux-based systems –** One of the new top malware detections by volume in Q1 was a malware dropper aimed at Linux-based systems. A stark reminder that just because Windows is king in the enterprise space, this doesn’t mean organizations can afford to turn a blind eye to Linux and macOS. Be sure to include non-Windows machines when rolling out Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) to maintain full coverage of your environment.
*   **Zero day malware accounting for the majority of detections –** This quarter saw 70% of detections coming from zero day malware over unencrypted web traffic, and a whopping 93% of detections from zero day malware from encrypted web traffic. Zero day malware can infect IoT devices, misconfigured servers, and other devices that don’t use robust host-based defenses like WatchGuard EPDR (Endpoint Protection Detection and Response).  
*   **New insights based on ransomware tracking data –** In Q1 2023, the Threat Lab tallied 852 victims published to extortion sites and discovered 51 new ransomware variants. These ransomware groups continue to publish victims at an alarmingly high rate; some are well-known organizations and companies in the Fortune 500. (Stay tuned for more ransomware tracking trends and analysis as part of WatchGuard’s quarterly Threat Lab research in future reports!)

Consistent with WatchGuard’s Unified Security Platform® approach and the WatchGuard Threat Lab’s previous quarterly research updates, the data analyzed in this quarterly report is based on anonymized, aggregated threat intelligence from active WatchGuard network and endpoint products whose owners have opted to share in direct support of WatchGuard’s research efforts.   
New for this Q1 2023 analysis, the Threat Lab team has updated the methods used to normalize, analyze, and present the report findings. While previous quarterly research results have primarily been presented in the aggregate (as global total volumes), this quarter and going forward the network security results will be presented as “per device” averages for all reporting network appliances. The full report includes additional detail around this evolution and the rationale behind the updated methodology, as well as details on additional malware, network, and ransomware trends from Q1 2023, recommended security strategies, critical defense tips for businesses of all sizes and in any sector, and more.

For a more in-depth view of WatchGuard’s research, read the complete Q1 2023 Internet Security Report here.

**About WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.**

WatchGuard® Technologies, Inc. is a global leader in unified cybersecurity. Our Unified Security Platform® approach is uniquely designed for managed service providers to deliver world-class security that increases their business scale and velocity while also improving operational efficiency. Trusted by more than 17,000 security resellers and service providers to protect more than 250,000 customers, the company’s award-winning products and services span network security and intelligence, advanced endpoint protection, multi-factor authentication, and secure Wi-Fi. Together, they offer five critical elements of a security platform: comprehensive security, shared knowledge, clarity & control, operational alignment, and automation. The company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington, with offices throughout North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Latin America. To learn more, visit WatchGuard.com.

For additional information, promotions and updates, follow WatchGuard on Twitter (@WatchGuard), on Facebook, or on the LinkedIn Company page. Also, visit our InfoSec blog, Secplicity, for real-time information about the latest threats and how to cope with them at www.secplicity.org. Subscribe to The 443 – Security Simplified podcast at Secplicity.org, or wherever you find your favorite podcasts.

_WatchGuard is a registered trademark of WatchGuard Technologies, Inc. All other marks are property of their respective owners._

WatchGuard Threat Lab Report Reveals New Browser-Based Social Engineering Trends

A Directory Browsing vulnerability in MCL-Net version 4.3.5.8788 webserver running on default port 5080, allows attackers to gain sensitive information about the configured databases via the "/file" endpoint.

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MCL-Loader offers Out-Of-the Box deployment capabilities for both Windows and Android devices. It let's you synchronize apps, data and other resources with your mobile devices and reduces the complexity of learning how each and every operating system (WinCE/WM/Android) is working.  
Deploying to only one or many devices has never been easier by utilizing MCL-Loader.**

  

**Mix and Match device types best fitting the needs of your mobile workers, seamlessly switch between communication options (WiFi, Ethernet, 3G/4G), and simply decide on how to exchange business data with your back-end systems.  
MCL-Applications will run optimized on industry equipment and will make your devices run at peak performance. You can choose from having your devices connected directly to your back-end systems or benefit from simplified and cost saving data-storage and exchange capabilities offered by MCL-Mobility Platform**

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Technologies Embedded

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*   **Barcode Datacapture****MCL supports natively the barcode scanner or imager coming with the mobile computer, bringing the best datacapture solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **Mobile Printing****MCL offers natively the possibility to connect mobile printers directly or through the wifi network and print new barcode labels, price tags, and more at the point of activity, bringing the best mobility solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **DataFile Sync****MCL offers quick and easy data synchronization with back-end systems. Our secured data transportation mechanisms maintains data integrity regardless of the transportation methods used, including WiFi or 3/4G internet connections**
    
*   **On-Line AND Off-Line****MCL offers native support for out-of-signal (WiFi/3G) situations and batch type of solutions. Your operators can continue their mobile tasks in off-line situations and sync their date once they are back in coverage. Typical batch applications, like inventory control, can be implemented easily with MCL's ready to go local data (on terminal side) and file sync options**
    
*   **RFID****MCL includes all common RFID functionality natively. You can develop apps including RDID which help you bringing the best RDID datacapture solutions to your mobile workers in no time**
    
*   **Signature Capture****MCL can help you bringing the best datacapture solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **Voice Recognition****MCL offers embedded voice recognition technologies to help you bringing the most optimized datacapture solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **Adaptive Screen Size****MCL allows the same app to run on different screen sizes, helping you bringing the best datacapture solutions to your mobile workers efficiently**
    
*   **GPS****MCL integrates natively the GPS capabilities offered by the device and helps you bringing the best technology solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **Database Integration****MCL integrates natively with the most common databases and helps you bringing the best technology solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **Wireless Connectivity****MCL offers extensive support for roaming between WiFi and 3G/4G networks seamlessly, bringing the best technology solutions to your mobile workers**
    
*   **Photo Camera****MCL offers native support for the camera capabilities offered by the device and helps you bringing the best technology solutions to your mobile workers**

CVE-2023-34834: MCL-Collection V4

Zip and RAR FileExtractor version 5.7 suffers from a cross site scripting vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Zip & RAR FileExtractor  v5.7 - Reflected XSS# Vendor Homepage: Penghui Zhao# Software Link: https://apps.apple.com/tr/app/zip-rar-file-extractor/id769409043?l=en# Date: 2023-06-20# Exploit Author: tmrswrr# Category : ios app# Version: v5.7# Tested on: Windows/Linux## Description:>> Go to Wi-Fi Transfer section in zip rar file extractor app>> It will be create link : 192.168.1.104:8080>> When open link your browser , write payload, xss payload execute page and see alert buttonUrl: http://192.168.1.104:8080/download?path=%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(document.domain)%3C%2fscript%3EPayload: %22%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(document.domain)%3C%2fscript%3E

Zip And RAR FileExtractor 5.7 Cross Site Scripting

Tenda AC6 AC1200 Smart Dual-Band WiFi Router 15.03.06.50_multi was discovered to contain a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the deviceId parameter in the Parental Control module.

    # Exploit Title: Stored Cross-Site scripting in the Tenda router via the deviceId parameter in the Parental Control module# Google Dork: None.# Date: Aug-30-2022# Exploit Author: 0x783# Vendor Homepage: https://tendacn.com/default.html# Software Link: https://www.tendacn.com/product/download/AC6.html# Version: AC6 AC1200 Smart Dual-Band WiFi Router - V15.03.06.50_multi# Tested on: Linux 5.15.0-58-generic# CVE : CVE-2022-40010-------------------------------------------------------------------------# 1. Technical Description:Tenda AC6 AC1200 Smart Dual-Band WiFi Router V15.03.06.50 was discovered to contain a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the deviceId parameter in the parental control section.# Steps to reproduce:1- Navigate to the router webserver usually at "http://192.168.0.1", or whatever the address of the router is.2- Navigate to the parental control section from the side bar.3- Add a new device to the list with any fake MAC address, device name, URL.4- Intercept the request using burpsuite and change the "deviceId" parameter to any javascript code (EX: <script>alert(document.domain")</script>).5- A pop-up with the domain should appear.

CVE-2022-40010: Tenda AC6 AC1200 15.03.06.50_multi Cross Site Scripting ≈ Packet Storm

Unknown senders have been shipping smartwatches to service members, leading to questions regarding what kind of ulterior motive is at play, malware or otherwise.

The US Army's Criminal Investigation Division (CID) is warning service members to look out for unsolicited smartwatches arriving in the mail, which likely carry risks of malware and allowing unauthorized access to sensitive systems.

When used, the smartwatches are able to auto-connect to the local Wi-Fi network, and can also connect to cellphones, thus allowing access to a user's data. The snooped information can be private and used to exploit a victim, the advisory warned, and it's possible that these watches also carry malware that could allow a threat actor to access, save, or transfer data such as banking information, account information, or personal contacts. 

"Most people have heard about techniques involving leaving random malicious USB devices around for curious victims to plug in. This 'surprise smartwatch' tactic leverages the same human curiosity, and grants a threat actor access to some of your most sensitive personal information," said Melissa Bischoping, director of endpoint security research at Tanium, in an emailed comment. "As the adage goes, if it's too good to be true, it probably is, and if you're not paying for the product, you ARE the product."

Alternatively, these mystery smartwatches sent from unknown senders could also be used for a practice known as "brushing," in which presumably counterfeit products are sent via mail to random individuals so that companies can write positive reviews in the name of the person they sent the product to.

Should anyone, military personnel or otherwise, receive a product such as this, the CID advises recipients not to turn it on and to report it to local counterintelligence, or through its "Report a Crime" portal, where individuals can also submit tips.

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