#windows

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Core Messaging allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** Exploitation of this vulnerability requires that an attacker send a malicious link to the victim via email, or that they convince the user to click the link, typically by way of an enticement in an email or Instant Messenger message. In the worst-case email attack scenario, an attacker could send a specially crafted email to the user without a requirement that the victim open, read, or click on the link. This could result in the attacker executing remote code on the victim's machine. When multiple attack vectors can be used, we assign a score based on the scenario with the higher risk (UI:N).

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is local (AV:L). Why does the CVE title indicate that this is a remote code execution?** The word **Remote** in the title refers to the location of the attacker. This type of exploit is sometimes referred to as Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE). The attack itself is carried out locally. This means an attacker or victim needs to execute code from the local machine to exploit the vulnerability.

**According to the CVSS metric, the Attack Vector is Physical (AV:P). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** An attacker needs physical access to the target computer to plug in a malicious USB drive.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

Protection mechanism failure in Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows File Explorer allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would first have to log on to the system. An attacker could then trigger an event that could exploit the vulnerability and save an invalid state to a database or trigger other unintended actions.