#ruby

### Summary More methods than expected can be called on reflex instances. Being able to call some of them has security implications. ### Details To invoke a reflex a websocket message of the following shape is sent: ```json { "target": "[class_name]#[method_name]", "args": [] } ``` The server will proceed to instantiate `reflex` using the provided `class_name` as long as it extends `StimulusReflex::Reflex`. It then attempts to call `method_name` on the instance with the provided arguments [ref](https://github.com/stimulusreflex/stimulus_reflex/blob/0211cad7d60fe96838587f159d657e44cee51b9b/app/channels/stimulus_reflex/channel.rb#L83): ```ruby method = reflex.method method_name required_params = method.parameters.select { |(kind, _)| kind == :req } optional_params = method.parameters.select { |(kind, _)| kind == :opt } if arguments.size >= required_params.size && arguments.size <= required_params.size + optional_params.size reflex.public_send(method_name, *arguments) end ``` ...

There is a potential cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability that can be exploited via maliciously crafted user data. This was due to improper case-sensitivity in the code that was meant to prevent these attacks. ### Impact If you render an `<a>` tag with an `href` attribute set to a user-provided link, that link could potentially execute JavaScript when clicked by another user. ```ruby a(href: user_profile) { "Profile" } ``` If you splat user-provided attributes when rendering any HTML or SVG tag, malicious event attributes could be included in the output, executing JavaScript when the events are triggered by another user. ```ruby h1(**JSON.parse(user_attributes)) ``` ### Patches Patches are [available on RubyGems](https://rubygems.org/gems/phlex) for all `1.x` minor versions. The patched versions are: - [1.9.1](https://rubygems.org/gems/phlex/versions/1.9.1) - [1.8.2](https://rubygems.org/gems/phlex/versions/1.8.2) - [1.7.1](https://rubygems.org/gems/phlex/versions/1.7.1) - [...

Ubuntu Security Notice 6682-1 - ZeddYu Lu discovered that Puma incorrectly handled parsing certain headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform an HTTP Request Smuggling attack. This issue only affected Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. It was discovered that Puma incorrectly handled parsing certain headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform an HTTP Request Smuggling attack. This issue only affected Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.

Debian Linux Security Advisory 5635-1 - Aviv Keller discovered that the frames.html file generated by YARD, a documentation generation tool for the Ruby programming language, was vulnerable to cross-site scripting.

WordPress Neon Text plugin versions 1.1 and below suffer from a persistent cross site scripting vulnerability.

The json-jwt (aka JSON::JWT) gem 1.16.3 for Ruby sometimes allows bypass of identity checks via a sign/encryption confusion attack. For example, JWE can sometimes be used to bypass JSON::JWT.decode.

### Summary ```ruby module Rack class MediaType SPLIT_PATTERN = %r{\s*[;,]\s*} ``` The above regexp is subject to ReDos. 50K blank characters as a prefix to the header will take over 10s to split. ### PoC A simple HTTP request with lots of blank characters in the content-type header: ```ruby request["Content-Type"] = (" " * 50_000) + "a," ``` ### Impact It's a very easy to craft ReDoS. Like all ReDoS the impact is debatable.

# Possible DoS Vulnerability with Range Header in Rack There is a possible DoS vulnerability relating to the Range request header in Rack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2024-26141. Versions Affected: >= 1.3.0. Not affected: < 1.3.0 Fixed Versions: 3.0.9.1, 2.2.8.1 Impact ------ Carefully crafted Range headers can cause a server to respond with an unexpectedly large response. Responding with such large responses could lead to a denial of service issue. Vulnerable applications will use the `Rack::File` middleware or the `Rack::Utils.byte_ranges` methods (this includes Rails applications). Releases -------- The fixed releases are available at the normal locations. Workarounds ----------- There are no feasible workarounds for this issue. Patches ------- To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset. * 3-0-range.pa...

# Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Header Parsing There is a possible denial of service vulnerability in the header parsing routines in Rack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2024-26146. Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None Fixed Versions: 2.0.9.4, 2.1.4.4, 2.2.8.1, 3.0.9.1 Impact ------ Carefully crafted headers can cause header parsing in Rack to take longer than expected resulting in a possible denial of service issue. Accept and Forwarded headers are impacted. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rack applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. Releases -------- The fixed releases are available at the normal locations. Workarounds ----------- There are no feasible workarounds for this issue. Patches ------- To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset. * 2-0-header-red...

# Possible XSS Vulnerability in Action Controller There is a possible XSS vulnerability when using the translation helpers (`translate`, `t`, etc) in Action Controller. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2024-26143. Versions Affected: >= 7.0.0. Not affected: < 7.0.0 Fixed Versions: 7.1.3.1, 7.0.8.1 Impact ------ Applications using translation methods like `translate`, or `t` on a controller, with a key ending in "_html", a `:default` key which contains untrusted user input, and the resulting string is used in a view, may be susceptible to an XSS vulnerability. For example, impacted code will look something like this: ```ruby class ArticlesController < ApplicationController def show @message = t("message_html", default: untrusted_input) # The `show` template displays the contents of `@message` end end ``` To reiterate the pre-conditions, applications must: * Use a translation function from a controller (i.e. _not_ I18n.t, or `t` f...